1. Chapter 48: Human Impact and Biomes
What have we done!

2. Laws of Ecology
Everything is connected to everything else
Everything must go somewhere
Laws of Unintended Consequences
A negative effect contrary to what was originally intended
Example: introduced species that become invasive and damage ecosystem like kudzu vine in southern US, killer bees in South America, and rabbits in Australia

3. Acid Precipitation nitrogen oxides sulfur dioxide power plants
industry
transportation

4. BioMagnification Energy pyramid
toxins concentrate as they move up the food chain

5. Carbon Dioxide Global Warming

6. CO2
NOx
Methane

7. Ozone Depletion ozone protects from UV rays CFCs = coolants
that react with O3

8. Loss of habitat
Loss of biodiversity
Loss of stability
Deforestation

9. Earth’s Biomes

10. Environmental factors
Abiotic factors
non-living chemical & physical factors
temperature
light
water
nutrients
Biotic factors
living components
animals
plants

11. Marine
coral reef
benthos
intertidal

12. Tropical rainforest distribution: equatorial precipitation: very wet
temperature: always warm
characteristics: many plants & animals, thin soil

13. Savanna distribution: equatorial
precipitation: seasonal, dry season/wet season
temperature: always warm
characteristics: fire-adapted, drought tolerant plants; herbivores; fertile soil

14. Desert distribution: 30°N & S latitude band precipitation: almost
temperature: variable daily & seasonally, hot & cold
characteristics: sparse vegetation & animals, cacti, succulents, drought tolerant, reptiles, insects, rodents, birds

15. Temperate Grassland distribution: mid-latitudes, mid-continents
precipitation: seasonal, dry season/wet season
temperature: cold winters/hot summers
characteristics: prairie grasses, fire-adapted, drought tolerant plants; many herbivores; deep, fertile soil

16. Temperate Deciduous Forest
distribution: mid-latitude, northern hemisphere
precipitation: adequate, summer rains, winter snow
temperature: moderate warm summer/cool winter
characteristics: many mammals, insects, birds, etc.; deciduous trees; fertile soils

17. Coniferous Forest (Taiga)
distribution: high-latitude, northern hemisphere
precipitation: adequate to dry
temperature: cool year round
characteristics: conifers; diverse mammals, birds, insects, etc.

18. Chaparral distribution: coastal mid-latitude
precipitation: seasonal, dry summer/rainy winter
temperature: hot summer/cool winter
characteristics: scrubby vegetation, drought-adapted, fire-adapted, herbivores, amphibians, birds, insects

19. Arctic Tundra distribution: arctic, high-latitude, northern hemisphere
precipitation: dry
temperature: cold year round
characteristics: permafrost, lichens & mosses, migrating animals & resident herbivores

20. Alpine Tundra distribution: high elevation at all latitudes
precipitation: dry
temperature: cold year round
characteristics: permafrost, lichens, mosses, grasses; migrating animals & resident herbivores