1. IAEA Safety Standards Dariusz Mroz Workshop Scientific Secretary
Regulatory Infrastructure for Safety Specialist
Control of Radiation Sources Unit
Regulatory Infrastructure and Transport Safety Section
Division of Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety

2. Contents IAEA role and functions International safety standards
Services to countries
Conclusions

3. IAEA Statute
Under Article III.A.6 of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized: “To establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property… and to provide for the application of these standards …”
1958: the first IAEA Safety Standard
Shortly after its inception in 1957, the Secretariat began developing and setting safety Standards. In 1958, the Agency published its first safety standard, Safety Series No. 1, Safe Handling of Radioisotopes (STI/PUB/1). Over the years, some 200 publications were issued in the Safety Series.

4. International infrastructure for safety
Conventions
Codes of Conduct
International
Legal Instruments
IAEA safety standards & security
guidance
IAEA tools, safety
reviews and other services
Global Knowledge Network
The need to ensure strong national infrastructures that includes inter alia legal and regulatory framework, regulatory body empowered to regulated, inspect and enforce national legislation and regulations; adequate safety and security levels of the operators and licensees; sufficient number of well educated and trained personnel together with institutional and organization for capacity building; facilities and services that are beyond the capabilities of the legal persons who are authorized to conduct activities and responsible for facilities; the research and industrial capability.
The widespread subscription to legally binding and non-binding international instruments such as the Conventions and the Codes of Conduct;
A setting up and use of comprehensive suite of nuclear safety standards and security guidance that embodies good practices as a reference point to the high level of safety and security required for all nuclear facilities and activities;
A suite of international safety and security peer reviews and advisory services, based on the safety standards, security guidance and international instruments;
Self sustaining safety networks of expert knowledge and experience connecting these four elements are essential to continuous safety and security improvement and mutual learning.
National Nuclear
Safety & Security Infrastructure
Regulation &
enforcement
Safe Operation
Research, Education & Training

5. IAEA safety functions IAEA Safety Functions (Article III.A.6)
“To establish or adopt…
[in consultation …]
standards of safety for
protection of health &
minimization of danger
to life and property”
Facilitate and
service international
conventions and
other undertakings
“…and to provide
for the
application of these
standards…”

6. Standards development history
Bottom-up approach
Experience collection

7. Standards development perception …

8. Standards development mechanism
Outline / work plan (prepared by the Secretariat)
Review by the committees and Commission on Safety Standards
Drafting or revising of safety standard
by the Secretariat and consultants
DRAFT
Member
States
Draft
Review by the safety standards committee(s)
Comments
FINAL DRAFT
Endorsement by Commission on Safety Standards
Establishment by the IAEA’s Director General or BoG
Publication

9. Standards Commission and Committees
on Safety Standards
(CSS)
Nuclear Safety Standards
Committee
(NUSSC)
Radiation Safety Standards
Committee
(RASSC)
Waste
Safety Standards
Committee
(WASSC)
Transport Safety Standards
Committee
(TRANSSC)
Emergency Preparedness
and Response
Committee (EPReSC)

10. Safety standards mandate
Not legally binding - may be adopted by Member States
Binding on IAEA in its own operations
Binding on IAEA-assisted operations
Member States receiving IAEA assistance shall apply IAEA Safety Standards

11. Standards developing paradigm
103
The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection
The revised BSS will be based on:
the scientific evidence analysed by UNSCEAR,
the recommendations of ICRP, and
the Fundamental Safety Principles.
The new Safety Requirements will include all the essential prescriptive criteria for radiation safety that underpin publications in the Safety Standards Series, such as: requirements defining responsibilities for safety; measures for protection of workers, patients and the public; numerical values of dose limits, action levels, exemption levels, etc. These basic requirements apply across the spectrum of circumstances of exposure to radiation, including nuclear power generation, industrial applications of radiation technology, radioactive waste disposal, and transport of radioactive material.
Effects of radiation
Recommendations for protection 11

12. Hierarchy of safety standards
Safety Fundamentals
Safety Requirements
Safety Guides

13. Safety standards categories
Fundamental safety objective and principles for protecting people and environment
Requirements to be met to ensure protection of people and environment –’shall’
Safety Guides Recommendations on how to meet the requirements - ’should’
Les 10 principles
Principe 1 : Responsabilité en matière de sûreté
Principe 2 : Rôle du gouvernement
Principe 3 : Capacité de direction et de gestion pour la sûreté
Principe 4 : Justification des installations et activités
Principe 5 : Optimisation de la protection
Principe 6 : Limitation des risques pour les personnes
Principe 7 : Protection des générations actuelle et futures (et de l’environnement)
Principe 8 : Prévention des accidents (basée sur la défense en profondeur)
Principe 9 : Préparation et conduite des interventions d’urgence
Principe 10 : Actions protectrices visant à réduire les risques radiologiques existants ou non réglementés

14. Supporting publications

15. Value of standards Essential regulatory tool for principal users
IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS
A global reference
Vehicle for vision and strategies
Essential regulatory tool for principal users
such as national authorities world-wide
Basis to the develop a consistent regulatory framework globaly

16. Structure on web
The set of Safety Requirements should be stabilized with General Safety Requirements in seven parts complemented by six specific Safety Requirements. The Safety Requirements will contain overarching requirements, which will help provide stability in regulatory approaches, and additional requirements on associated conditions and explanations of the concepts in the Safety Requirements.
The format and style of the safety standards should be user friendly
The Safety Requirements should be short to encourage their reading and use in Member States
Concepts should be explained in the Safety Requirements so as to facilitate their interpretation for establishing national regulatory requirements
Each overarching requirement should be allocated a number in sequence
Associated conditions are referenced through the normal paragraph numbering system
Safety standards should also highlight any interface with security measures and include reference to the related security guidance in the Nuclear Security Series.
New Safety Guides
The need for additional topics to be addressed in Safety Guides should be justified by a gap identification.
In most cases, it will be possible to address the additional need by expanding the scope of an existing guide at its next revision or through the production of addendum pages.
Once it is confirmed that there is a gap to be filled, a proposal for the establishment of a new Safety Guide in the whole collection, together with a Document Preparation Profile (DPP) will be considered only if there is a justification for an urgent need.
The prioritization of proposals for new safety guides or the revision of existing safety guides should be consistent with the main topics identified as priorities by the CSS at the beginning of each term.
Optimizing the number of Safety Guides will entail:
-Limiting the number of Safety Guides in the thematic areas to those of a generic nature;
-Developing Safety Guides in facility specific areas that cover the whole lifetime of the facility (site evaluation, design, commissioning, operation and decommissioning);
-Identifying among the facility specific guides those that may be applicable to several types of facilities so as to avoid the establishment of guides addressing the same topical issue for different types of facilities/activities;
-Including, wherever possible, additional topics as part of the revision of existing Safety Guides, rather than by developing new Safety Guides.

17. Operating organizations
Users of standards
Regulatory bodies and other relevant national authorities. Also individuals, co-sponsoring organizations, designers, manufacturers, vendors, operators and other users of radiation techniques
Regulatory bodies
Operating organizations
State officials,
Governments
Health sector
IAEA Safety Standards
Manufacturers
Vendors
TSOs
Designers
User friendliness
The structure of safety standards should be such that the users may easily identify among the whole collection of safety standards those that are particularly applicable to the specific facility or activity they are dealing with.
The format and style of the safety standards, particularly the Safety Requirements, should facilitate their use for the establishment of the regulatory framework in Member States. The structure and layout of the Safety Standards Series publications should be uniform.
The level of safety reflected in a Safety Standards Series publication at the time of its issue is expected to remain adequate until its future revision.
Terminology should be harmonized across the Series, especially bearing in mind further translation.

18. Harmonized terminology
Drafters of safety and security related IAEA publications — particularly safety standards — should, as far as possible, use terms as recommended by the Safety Glossary.
Unless otherwise justified and accepted through the review process, there should be no individual glossary in individual publications.
Code of Conduct and IAEA Safety Glossary = consistent definitions

19. Code of conduct Non-legally binding Political support by over 130 MS
Based on IAEA standards
Recommendations to States on:
Legislation
Regulations
Regulatory body
Import/export controls

20. Fundamental Safety Principles SF-1
Contains 10 fundamental principles for protection against radiation exposure
Protective
Actions to
Reduce Existing
Or Unregulated
Radiation Risks
Emergency
Preparedness
and Response
Prevention
of Accidents
Responsibility
for Safety
Role of
Government
Leadership and
Management
Justification of
Facilities and
Activities
Optimization
of Protection
Limitation of
Risks to
Individuals
Protection of
Present and
Future
Generations

21. need for nuclear law and regulations establishing of a regulatory body
GSR Part 1 - Purpose
Essential requirements for the governmental, legal and regulatory framework for safety:
need for nuclear law and regulations
establishing of a regulatory body
actions to ensure the effective regulatory control of facilities and activities
36 requirements in 4 chapters:
Background, objective, scope, structure
Responsibilities of the Government
Global safety regime
Responsibilities of the Regulatory Body

22. GSR Part 3 (Basic Safety Standards)
Three Exposure Situations
Planned exposure situation
Existing exposure situation
Emergency exposure situation
Three Categories of Exposure
Occupational exposure
Medical exposure
Public exposure

23. GSR Part 3 – content

24. General versus specific safety standards

25. Specific safety guides
RS-G-1.10, Safety of Radiation Generators and Sealed Radioactive Sources
SSG-8: Radiation Safety of Gamma, Electron and X Ray Irradiation Facilities,
SSG-11: Radiation Safety in Industrial Radiography

26. Technical documents (TECDOCS)

27. IAEA safety functions IAEA Safety Functions (Article III.A.6)
“To establish or adopt…
[in consultation …]
standards of safety for
protection of health &
minimization of danger
to life and property”
“…and to provide
for the
application of these
standards…”
Facilitate and
service international
conventions and
other undertakings

28. Provisions for the standards application
International Mechanisms
for Promoting Capacity Building
Rendering
SAFETY
SERVICES
Providing
TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE
Fostering
INFORMATION
EXCHANGE
Promoting
EDUCATION
& TRAINING
Promoting
Networking, KM
and R&D

29. Services / tools / undertakings
Tools and activities to implemet the Standards
Review and Advisory Services (missions)
Self Assessment Methodology and Tool (SARIS)
Regulatory Authority Information System (RAIS)
Radiation Safety Information Management System (RASIMS)
Training material and courses

30. Conclusions
Effective regulatory infrastructure, including nuclear law and regulations, is key for effective control of radiation sources
IAEA offers abundance of services and tools promote the Safety Standards and to assist their implementation
IAEA implements multiple projects to facilitate application of Safety Standards
Review and advisory missions assist national compliance with IAEA Safety Standards

31. Thank you for your attention !
Questions ?