1. Dr KALMÁR Imre college professor
EXPERIMENTS WITH PLANT SENSOR ON PESTICIDE REDUCTION IN CHERRY PLANTATION
Dr KALMÁR Imre college professor
Szolnok University College Technical and Agricultural Faculty, Department of Research and Development 5400 Mezőtúr (Hungary), 1 Petőfi tér,

2. INTRODUCTION The need for applying chemical plant protection processes
To get the necessary minimum amount of active agents into the environment
What is necessary to prevent the diseases from spreading, with the least possible environment burden
Problem: in spite of the environment friendly work-methods and the significant pesticide and other cost reduction the modern plant protection technologies have not been widespread in Hungarian practice.
Necessary experiments to promote the widespread of the new modern plant protection technology in Hungary
Experiments in the frame of NSRF (National Scientific Research Fundation) project:
“The Possibilities of Reduction of Pesticides by Spray Technology” number: T

3. Objective of the research work
To promote widespread of chemical reducing environment friendly and chemical saving by verifying the advantages of work quality parameters of the new modern spray technology methods.
The direct objective of the examination: to verify the advantages of applying the plant sensor in cherry plantation.

4. Work principle of the plant sensor
The infrared sensor gives signal if it senses leafy crown or trunk and depending on speed it begins spraying

5. Electric contolled magnetic valves
Controller
Electric contolled magnetic valves

6. Settings parameters P A R M E T B O D ► N I G . m F C L S i n W
Sense of tunk
Settings parameters
Direction
Sense of leafy crown P A R M E T B O D ► N I G . m F C L S i n W
Direction
Sensed surface
Preopening
Afterclosing
Surface without spraying

7. Questions of spraying What? What against? Which pesticide?
In which quantity?
Which sprayer?
When?

8. The basic duty of spraying
Suitable agent should get to the target surface in the appropriate
Time
Quantity and
Distribution

9. The principle of sustainable development in plant protection
To get the necessary least quantity of chemicals into the environment
Causing the least environmental burden that is possible
So as to prevent the spreading of disease

10. EXAMINATION METHOD
The character of the examination: comparison examination
To be completed examinations:
determination of coverage characteristics, and
control of pesticide saving.

11. Steps of the coverage examination
Recording the examination circumstances,
Presentation of the examined machines,
Description of target surface, plantation,
Recording the parameters of machine setting,
Placing water sensitive test papers,
Completing spraying operation,
Collecting the test papers,
Determining the coverage characteristics, and
Evaluation of examination results.

12. The steps of controlling pesticide reduction
Recording the examination circumstances,
Filling up the tank with the given amount of pesticide,
Spraying the pesticide,
Re-measuring the remaining pesticide,
Measuring the section length of the sprayed plantation with the given amount of pesticide,
Determining the pesticide doses,
Evaluation of examination results

13. Recording the examination circumstances
Character of exam: comparison examination
Place of exam: AGROROYAL Kft., Heves
Date of exam: 26 July 2007
Machines used: KERTITOX BORA equipped with plant sensor VULKANO without plant sensor

14. Machines KERTITOX BORA axial fan spraying machine equipped
with plant sensor
VULCANO
axial fan spraying machine

15. The set-up data of the machines
Machine type
Work speed
(km/h)
Pressure
(bar)
No and sign of working nozzles
(piece, colour)
Liquid doses
(dm3/ha)
KERTITOX
BORA
7,0
25,0
10 yellow
230/170
VULCANO
8,0 16
4 yellow
6 red
245

16. The characteristics of the examination
Examined area:
cherry plantation
lane distance 6 m
stem distance 4 m
age 2 and 3 years
Weather parameters:
air temperature oC
wind speed 0.4 – 0.9 m/s
relative humidity %

17. RESULTS OF THE COVERAGE EXAMINATIONS

18. Coverage on the back side leaf surface

19. The coverage ratio on the back side leaf surface per leafy crown level

20. Specific drop numbers on the back side leaf surface

21. The results of controlling obtainable spraying reduction

22. Nominal doses (dm3/ha) Measured doses Savings
Machine type
Operation mode
Plantation
Nominal doses
(dm3/ha)
Measured doses
Savings
(%)
KERTITOX
BORA
Plant sensor switched off
2 years cherry
170
175
Plant sensor switched on
132 43
24,6
3 years cherry
230
234
154 80
34,2
VULCANO
Plant without plant sensor
245
212 -

23. Tunnel sprayer

24. Electrostatic sprayer

25. CONCLUSIONS
KERTITOX BORA ensured more favourable work quality values than the VOLCANO spraying machine.
Applying plant sensor without a significant change of the coverage characteristics, meaningful liquid and pesticide savings can be obtained in loose lined young plantation as well.
The advantages of the modern spray technic can be adapted in field experiments technology too.

26. REFERENCES
Kalmár, Imre – Dimitrievits, György (2005) “Influence of the spraytechnik on the deposit of the spraydrops” Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference; Innovation and utility in the Visegrad Fours, Nyíregyháza, Volume p
Kalmár, Imre (2004) “Influence of the plant protection technology on the deposit of the pesticide” IAMFE/RUSSIA Proceedings of 12th World Conference on Mechanization of Field Experiments, Saint-Petersburg, p
Kalmár Imre (2005) “A növényvédő szer felhasználás csökkentésének lehetőségei ültetvénypermetezéskkor” XXIX. MTA AMB Kutatási és Fejlesztési Tanácskozása, Gödöllő CD kiadvány
Dimitrievits Gy. – Gulyás Z. – Kovács L. – Kalmár I. (2006) “Anyagtakarékos permetezőgépek vizsgálatának eredményei” XXX. MTA AMB Kutatási és Fejlesztési Tanácskozása, Gödöllő p 25-29

27. Thank you for your attention!