1. Reproductive Health Nursing NUR 324
CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Lecture 8

2. CONTRACEPTION prevention of conception is called as contraception.
Contraception is useful to prevent population explosion.
It is also called as Birth Control methods or Family Planning Methods.
This can be done at the female, male or coital stages.

3. CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS: A CLASSIFICATION
TERMINAL OR PERMANENT METHODS:
There is a permanent stopping of conception.
Used by couples who have finished their family.
TEMPORARY SPACING METHODS:
Used for spacing or giving a gap between children
Used to postpone children’s arrival while the couple gets adjusted.

4. TERMINAL METHODS I. VASECTOMY: MALE STERILISATION:
A SIMPLE OUT PATIENT PROCEDURE.
THE ‘VAS DEFERENS’ IS ISOLATED AND CUT.
THE TWO ENDS ARE LIGATED.

5. VASECTOMY

6. TERMINAL METHODS II. TUBECTOMY: FEMALE STERILIZATION:
PART OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE IS REMOVED.
THE TWO ENDS ARE TIGHTLY LIGATED.
CAN BE DONE AS:
POST PARTUM STERILIZATION
LAPAROSCOPIC STERELIZATION

7. TUBECTOMY: TYPES

8. SPACING METHODS BARRIER METHODS: A) PHYSICAL BARRIER: CONDOMS
DIAPHRAGM
VAGINAL SPONGE
FEMALE CONDOM.
B) CHEMICAL BARRIER:SPERMICIDAL
FOAMS
CREAMS
SUPPOSITORIES

9. CONDOMS SPERMICIDES

10. FEMALE CONDOM

11. DIAPHRAGM + SPERMICIDE
A diaphragm is a flexible, latex, dome-shaped cup. It is designed to fit securely in the vagina to cover the cervix.

12. A foam sponge inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy
VAGINAL SPONGE + SPERMICIDE

13. INTRA UTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES (IUCD):
FUNCTION BY PREVENTING IMPLANTATION.
I GENERATION:
NON MEDICATED: LIPPE’S LOOP
II GENERATION: MEDICATED BIOACTIVE
COPPER T
III GENERATION: HORMONE RELEASING
PROGESTASERT

14. LIPPE’S LOOP
Cu T & PROGESTASERT

16. Summary
IUDs are:
Safe, effective, convenient, reversible, long lasting, cost effective, easy to use.
Providers can ensure safety by:
Careful screening
Proper follow-up

17. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES
ALSO CALLED ORAL PILLS OR ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.
ARE USUALLY HORMONES OR COMBINATIONS TAKEN BY MOUTH.
THEY CAUSE THE TEMPORARY CESSATION OF THE OVARIAN CYCLES.

18. ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES COMBINED PILLS: HAS BOTH ESTROGEN & PROGESTERONE.
PROGESTRONE ONLY PILL.
DEPOT FORMULATIONS
INJECTABLES: DEPOT PROVERA

19. POST CONCEPTIONAL METHODS
Abortion is the termination of pregnancy.
Therapeutic Abortion
Intentional termination of pregnancy before age of viability to preserve the health of the mother
Elective Abortion
Intentional termination of pregnancy for reasons unrelated to mothers health

20. OTHER METHODS ABSTINENCE: THE BEST COITUS INTERRUPTUS: THE MALE PILL:
HISTORICALLY THE OLDEST IN HUMANS.
THE SEMEN WAS SPILLED ON THE GROUND.
THE MALE PILL:
GOSSYPOL : COTTON SEED OIL
KILLS SPERMATIDS.

21. NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
SAFE PERIOD METHOD:
DURING THE FERTILE PERIOD, COITUS IS AVOIDED.
THE REST OF THE CYCLE IS ‘SAFE’
OVULATION TESTS:
BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE CHARTS
CERVICAL MUCUS : BILLINGS METHOD
SYMPTOTHERMIC: ‘SELF RECOGNITION’

22. SAFE PERIOD METHOD

23. REVIEW Contraception is the prevention of conception.
There two main types:
Permanent or Terminal methods:
Vasectomy or Male sterilization.
Tubectomy or Female sterilization.
Temporary or Spacing methods:
Barriers
IUCDs
Other methods.