1. DO NOW!! Turn in Pig packet Turn in Digestive Lab Turn in model
Pick up Nervous packet
Get out notes

2. The Nervous System

3. Functions: Control and Communication Center
1. Sensory
Stimuli
Changes
2. Integrative
Processing
Decision-making
3. Motor
Reaction
Effector organs 3

4. Nervous System: Main Goal
What is the main goal?

5. Organization Central nervous system (CNS) Brain and spinal cord
Integration & command center
2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Nerves
Information delivery system

6. Neurons AKA nerve cells Structural units of nervous system
Conduct electrical impulses

7. Cell body
Dendrites
Main receptive surface
Axon
Conducts impulses away from cell body

8. 3 functional types
Sensory
PNS to CNS
Interneurons
In CNS only
Motor
CNS to PNS

9. Signal Transmission: The Synapse
Junction between 2 neurons
Neurotransmitters
Excitatory transmitter
Inhibitory transmitter
 One way conduction
 Transmitter can be exhausted.

10. Nerves Bundle of axons Structure similar to muscles 3 types Sensory
Motor
Mixed
Nerve Pathways
Route an impulse follows
Reflex Arc

11. Reflex Arc

12. The Brain 100 billion neurons 3-3.5 lbs. 4 major regions
Cerebral hemispheres
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Brain stem

13. Motor Sensory Association Cerebrum Cerebral Cortex
Paired left & right hemispheres
Corpus callosum
Gyri, sulci, fissures
Functions:
Word formation
Personality
Sensory association
Estimation
Auditory processing
Language memory
Judgment
Speech
Vision
Reasoning
Verbalizing
Memory storage
Intelligence
Voluntary responses
Motor
Sensory
Association
Corpus callosum video in picture

15. Cerebellum Coordination center Damage Smooth movements
Maintain muscle tone
Maintain equilibrium
Damage

16. Diencephalon Thalamus Hypothalamus Limbic System Pineal Gland
Sensory relay station
Hypothalamus
Homeostasis powerhouse
Limbic System
Emotional experience and expression
Pineal Gland
Sleep-Activity cycles
Pituitary Gland
“Master gland”

17. Brain Stem Regulates involuntary activities 3 regions
Medulla oblongata
Cardiac, respiratory, vasomotor centers
Pons
Breathing
Midbrain
Reflex sight and hearing
Reticular formation
Comas

18. The Meninges Cerebrospinal Fluid Tough membranes Dura mater
Allows brain to float
Homeostatic environment
Tough membranes
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

19. Cranial Nerves 12 pairs Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglosseal
Cranial Nerves

20. Spinal Cord Starts where nervous tissue leaves the cranial cavity
31 segments with paired nerves
2 major functions
Conducting nerve impulses
Center for spinal reflexes
Cauda equina

21. Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves and cells outside the CNS
Information transmission
2 Functional Divisions
1. Sensory (afferent) division
2. Motor (efferent) division
2 Divisions
1. Somatic nervous system
2. Autonomic nervous system
1. Sympathetic
2. Parasympathetic