1. GIS use in Tracking Pirate Activity
By: Caroline MacKenzie

2. Overview History of Piracy Modern Piracy GIS tracking
IMB Piracy Reporting Center
Pirates use of GIS

3. A Brief History… -Earliest record 14th century
-Golden Age in 16th and 17th century
Skull and cross bones called Jolly Roger
In the 16th and 17th centuries, monarchs frustrated by Spain's dominance of the Caribbean commissioned privateers to harass the Spanish fleet—helping to usher in piracy's golden age, when swashbuckling marauders like Edward (Blackbeard) Teach roamed the sun-splashed islands, plundering gold and silver.
By the 19th century the Golden Age of piracy was over

4. Modern Piracy -Connected to government -Use of heavy duty firepower
-Attacks commercial boats
Many modern pirates have heavy-duty firepower, including automatic weapons, mortars, and rocket-propelled grenades
-Many modern pirates have ties to the government and organized crime, such as the pirates in Somalia
-Stocks in raids

5. UNOSAT Global Report on Maritime Piracy - a geospatial analysis 1995-2013
Identifies:
Captured ships
Shots Fired
Hostages taken
Shipping Routes
Danger Zones
-Applied research and
Geospatial analysis on Piracy
-Global analysis
-Delegate force to High Risk Zones
-Decrease in Pirate Activity in Recent years

6. Geospatial data of Maritime Traffic Areas and areas of Piracy acts
Detailed map of geospatial analysis from period This mapping has largely decreased acts of piracy through being able to delegate task force more effectively.

7. IMB Piracy Reporting Centre
Allows 24 Hour live reporting
View Piracy Prone Areas and Warnings
24-Hour Maritime security Hotline
Access Live Piracy Map
Recent Piracy News and Figures
In 1992 the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) established the Piracy Reporting Centre (PRC) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

8. This live map shows all piracy and armed Armed robbery incidents reported to IMB Piracy reporting centre during 2016

9. Pirates use of GIS
-Use GPS, Satellite Phones, and night vision goggles
-Go online to track shipping routes
-Use GIS and tracing equipment to map Hijacking Routes
Use the latest versions of GNSS, GIS and Telecommunication equipment
-Pirates report and track vessels enabling pirates to coordinate their attacks
-They also use spoofing equipment to scramble their radio signals to make tracking them more difficult
In addition to random attacks on cargo and passenger ships, Somali pirates are increasingly relying on the use of GPS systems, satellite phones, and open-source intelligence such as shipping industry blogs in order to figure out the location of ships.

10. Summary -Piracy has changed a lot over the years
-Tracking of activity increased
-Modern approach to mapping
-Piracy has decreased overall
-Pirates also capable of using GIS

11. Questions?

12. Sources…
incident