1. argumentation
Supporting a claim

2. Academic Arguments
An effective academic argument is a logical, well-thought-out presentation of ideas that makes a claim about an issue and supports that claim with reasons and evidence.
Examples of Effective Arguments:
MLK's "I Have a Dream" speech
Linda Hamilton's "Eating Meat for the Environment" article from Audubon
Sarah Fenske's "Globe High School Censors Its Student Newspaper" article from Phoenix New Times
An ineffective academic argument is an irrational, emotional release of feelings and frustrations.

3. Argument Has Three Parts
Argumentation Essays make a claim about a narrowed issue and then support that claim with reasoning and evidence. Many will refute an opposing viewpoint to show a fully considered analysis.
Issue: focuses on a narrowed issue
Claim: tells your readers your position on the issue. Your claim will be stated as your thesis sentence.
Support: reasons and evidence that make your claim; will often refute an opposing viewpoint.

4. Narrowed Issue & Claim Issue: focuses on a narrowed issue
I've required you to look into the good or bad of social media.
You narrow your focus to discuss
all social media
3 forms of social media (FB, Twitter, and Instagram)
1 form of social media (Instagram).
Claim: tells your readers your position on the issue. Your claim will be stated as your thesis sentence.
Example Claim: Social media benefits our culture by bringing us together in real-time, allowing us to stay in touch with distant family, and giving minorities a louder voice. 

5. Reasons and Evidence
Example Claim: Social media benefits our culture by bringing us together in real-time, allowing us to stay in touch with distant family, giving minorities a larger voice. 
claim includes three reasons, which will become body paragraph topics.
Reasons and evidence that make your claim.
Two-three pieces of evidence per body paragraph.
Each piece of evidence supported with 2-3 explanations. 
One body paragraph will refute an opposing viewpoint (counter-argument).

6. Example Body Paragraph
Body paragraph #1: bringing us together in real-time
Evidence: Facebook groups have people from all over the world.
Explanation: people with rare diseases can discuss private experiences via Facebook groups/messenger.
Explanation athletes and audiences post during Olympics for instant reactions and results.
Evidence: Breaking news events by those involved.
Explanation:  Social media helped track down the 2013 marathon bomber.
Explanation  Posts of earthquake and floor impact.
Evidence: Hashtags allows people to focus their conversations during specific events
Explanation: live chat with experts or panelists during TV broadcasts
Explanation: view social movement momentum

7. Opposing Viewpoint
Body paragraph #4: easily used for bullying with tragic consequences
Evidence: social media makes it impossible for k-12 students to leave bullying "at school."
Explanation:  anonymous social apps make punishment impossible.
Explanation: students have phones at their disposal ASAP.
Evidence it's easier to type something horrible than say it aloud to the person's face.
Explanation:  girls and women threatened with violence.
Explanation: racial or lifestyle prejudice represented as jokes and sarcasm 
Refutation: young people and celebrities take their lives as a result online bullying
Explanation:  live chat with experts or panelists during TV broadcasts
Explanation:  view students have been secretly taped or publicly outted 

8. Develop a Claim and Support.
How to Plan
Develop a Claim and Support.
Consider an Opposing Viewpoint. 
What makes is social media good or bad?
The answer is your main claim.
Your claim needs to have 3 reasons that become your body paragraph topics.
Social media benefits our culture by bringing us together in real-time, allowing us to stay in touch with distant family, giving minorities a louder voice. 
What would most people question about your claim and support?
That question is your best opposing viewpoint.
How is that opposing viewpoint wrong or flawed?
That is the reasoning and support for that body paragraph.