1. Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Irrigation Program (RuWatSIP)
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Afghanistan Conference on Sanitation
2016
Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Irrigation Program (RuWatSIP)
Afghanistan First Conference on Sanitation /AFCOSAN-1
PPT on Excreta Management
November 2016Kabul

2. From Privy to Field
Excreta Management Process/ Emptying, Composting, Transportation, Soil Dressing
Soil Dressing

3. In this Presentation/Case Study Qarabagh a District of Kabul Province
Methodology
Survey Form
Location Map
Hydrography and Hydro geology of Shomali Sub-basin and Study Area
Water Sources for Irrigation and Agro-based Economy
Potable Water Sources Technology
Sanitation Practice
Excreta Management
Study Findings
Recommendation
M.A.Safi

4. Methodology Existing Literature reviewed
Two graduated volunteers were briefed about the Basic Concept and Objective of the study
They were provided with survey form and briefed for undertaking survey
10 Villages were selected for mapping
In each village 5 persons randomely selected for interview
Observations/type of latrines, water sources and farming interviewers perception were recorded

5. Survey Form SN Open Questions Perceptions 1
Economic Importance of night soil 2
Environmental and Health Implication 3
Both Economic and Health Issues 4
Moisture benefits/watering 5
Cost against chemical fertilizers 6
The season they use compost in their gardens, kitchen gardens and fields 7

6. Location Map Qarabagh Distrcict of Kabul
Study Area

7. Hydrography and Hydro-geology of Shomali Sub Basin
of Study Area

8. Surface Drains, Karezes and Tube Wells as Irrigation Water Supply Technology
Growing Grapes, Wheat and Vegetables/ Kitchen Gardens are the mainstay of agro-based economy

9. Drinking Water Supply Technology
Communal TW Fitted with Hand pump 60%
Houshold Tube Wells Fitted With Hand Pump 10%
Household Hand Dug Well with Bucket and Reel 30%

10. Sanitation Tecnology

11. Sanitation Tecnology/Continue….

12. Findings/Respondents’ Perception:
90 % interviewees know the economic importance of night soil.
30% of interviewers know the health and environmental impact of excreta
20% of the respondents know both the economic and health implication of excreta disposal
According to 80% of the questioned farmers’ night soil reduce the farms watering frequencies.
Nearly all respondents prefer night soil as best soil dresser rather than too costly chemical fertilizers.
All respondents uses NS in fall after harvest
But only 10% need is met/Costly transportation

13. Findings Based on Observations:
20% single vault dry latrines were newly built
60% single vault dry traditional latrines upgraded
20% traditional vault latrines were seen.
No appropriate composting arrangements(pit for emptied excreta covered with soil) were mapped.
Piles of night soil were seen nearby latrines or off-site nearby gardens to be used as fertilizer.
Nearly all respondents uses NS in the falls after harvesting
Serving as breeding site for rodent and vectors, the narrated scenario depict health and environmental hazards
Even with full detoxification and composting process, only 10% of total need for night soil is met annually

14. Recommendation Pilot Project for Human Excreta Management to:
Work with communities how to improve excreta management/ part of ACCLTS as well
Build on the existing capacity
Provide communities with composting facilities as lined pit nearby privies or in gardens
Facilitate interface between farming communities and agriculture sector for excreta management
To do this revive and improve old excreta management in cities which will provide a cheap alternative to costly chemical fertilizer to the local farmers

15. After Pruning, Soil Dressing and Mulching
Thanks