1. The Genetics of Bacteria

2. Bacterial Genome:
`Circular DNA - double stranded aka. its chromosome in nucleoid
Plasmid - small circles of “extra” DNA - not necessary for survival, however important traits
fertility factor, antibiotic resistance

4. REPLICATION

5. Bacterial chromo. replicates
-two copies move apart
-cell grows
-plasma membrane pinches
-new cell wall deposited

7. Origin of Replication

8. Replication in both directions

9. Replication Forks move bidirectionly until they meet

10. Genetically identical daughter cells (clones)

11. mutations produce genetic variation rapidly b/c generational time is sooooooo fast

12. no growth - cannot synthesis required amino acid
Genetic Recombination:
Mutants -
no growth - cannot synthesis required amino acid

13. Genetic Recombination:
Combine
growth

14. Genetic Recombination:
`Transformation - uptake of “naked” DNA from the environment
Transduction -
Conjugation -

15. Genetic Recombination:
`Transformation - uptake of “naked” DNA from the environment into its chromosome.

16. Genetic Recombination:
`Transformation

17. Genetic Recombination:
`Transduction -
A phage (virus) transfers bacterial genes from one host cell to another.

18. Genetic Recombination:
`Transduction -
A phage (virus) transfers bacterial genes from one host cell to another.

19. Genetic Recombination:
`Transduction -
A phage (virus) transfers bacterial genes from one host cell to another.

20. Genetic Recombination:
`Transduction -
A phage (virus) transfers bacterial genes from one host cell to another.

23. Genetic Recombination:
`Conjugation - bacterial cells join and transfer genetic material through a sex pilli.
F factor = fertility factor

24. F+
HFR

25. Genetic Recombination:
`Conjugation - bacterial cells join and transfer genetic material through a sex pilli.
R plasmid = resistance plasmid

26. transposons
“moveable genetic elements”

27. transposons
portions change locations within the chromosome, or they may copy into a new location.

28. transposons
GENETIC RESHUFFLING

29. transposons
1983 Nobel prize winner

30. Transposons - Example

31. Bacterial Genetic Recombinations
1. Transformation
2. Transduction
3. Conjugation
4. Plasmids
5. Transposons
Be able to discuss a few of these methods.