1. CANADIAN SHIELD GEOLOGIC ERA: PRECAMBRIAN
ROCK TYPE: IGNEOUS (especially granite) and some metamorphic
FORMATION: VOLCANIC ACTIVITY CREATED THE MOUNTAINS OF
THE CANADIAN SHIELD. SIGNIFICANT EROSION BY WIND, WATER
AND GLACIERS WHICH SCRAPED, GOUGED AND WORE DOWN THE
LANDSCAPE.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: MINING (metallic minerals such as gold,
Copper and nickel) HYDROELECTRIC POWER, FORESTRY, TOURISM
(cottages and resorts).

2. INTERIOR PLAINS
GEOLOGIC ERA: PALEOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: SEDIMENTARY
FORMATION: SEDIMENTS FROM THE CANADIAN SHIELD AND
THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS ACCUMULATED INTO THE SHALLOW
INLAND SEA THAT COVERED THE REGION. SEDIMENTARY ROCK
FORMED BY THE COMPRESSION OF DEPOSITS ON THE SEA FLOOR.
GLACIERS DEPOSITED LAYERS OF RICH BLACK SOIL.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: FARMING, OIL & NATURAL GAS,
POTASH MINES.

3. GREAT LAKES ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS
GEOLOGIC ERA: PALEOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: SEDIMENTARY
FORMATION: SEDIMENTS FROM THE CANADIAN SHIELD
ACCUMULATED INTO THE SHALLOW INLAND SEA THAT COVERED THE REGION. SEDIMENTARY ROCK
FORMED BY THE COMPRESSION OF DEPOSITS ON THE SEA FLOOR. GLACIERS DEPOSITED RICH SOILS.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES:ROAD, RAIL AND WATER TRANSPORTATION, AGRICULTURE, TOURISM, URBAN DEVELOPMENT

4. APPALACHIANS GEOLOGIC ERA: PALEOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY, METAMORPHIC
FORMATION: SOME VOLCANIC ACTIVITY. LAYERS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK WERE UPLIFTED AND FOLDED WHEN NORTH AMERICA COLLIDED WITH EUROPE. THIS WAS FOLLOWED BY MILLIONS OF YEARS OF EROSION
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: MINING, TOURISM, FISHING AGRICULTURE, LIMITED FORESTRY

5. INNUITIAN MOUNTAINS GEOLOGIC ERA: MESOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: MOSTLY SEDIMENTARY, SOME IGNEOUS & METAMORPHIC
FORMATION: FOLDING AND FAULTING OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
FOLLOWED BY EROSION
APPEARANCE: SHARP PEAKED MOUNTAINS, NO TREES, PERMANENTLY
COVERED IN SNOW, BARREN.
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: MINING

6. HUDSON BAY – ARCTIC LOWLANDS
GEOLOGIC ERA: PALEOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: SEDIMENTARY ON TOP OF IGNEOUS
FORMATION: DEPOSITS OF ERODED MATERIALS OF THE
CANADIAN SHIELD ACCUMULATED TO FORM SEDIMENTARY
ROCK. THE REGION WAS LATER SUBMERGED BY THE WEIGHT
OF GLACIERS.
APPEARANCE: FLAT, SWAMPY FOREST, GROUPINGS OF SNOW
COVERED ISLANDS
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: MINING, FISHING.

7. WESTERN CORDILLERA GEOLOGIC ERA: MESOZOIC & CENOZOIC
ROCK TYPE: IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY & METAMORPHIC
FORMATION: COLLISION OF NORTH AMERICAN AND
PACIFIC PLATES, FOLDING, FAULTING AND VOLCANIC
ACTIVITY. EROSION BY ALPINE GLACIERS.
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: MINING, FORESTRY, FISHING
TOURISM, FARMING (in the valleys)