1. Presidential Leadership

2. Constitutional Powers of the President
The “executive”
Commander-In-Chief
Appoints heads of government departments
Conducts foreign policy
Appoints judges
Power to pardon
“Faithfully execute the law”
Can call Congress into special session

3. Informal Sources of Power
Personal exercise of power
Jefferson & Louisiana Purchase
Theodore Roosevelt – “do anything that the needs of the Nation demanded, unless such action was forbidden by the Constitution or by the laws”

4. Informal Sources of Power
Immediate needs of the nation
Abraham Lincoln
Suspended writs of habeas corpus.
Jailed opponents of union without trial.
Raised an army without Congress’
approval.
Did what was necessary to
preserve the union.

5. Informal Sources of Power
Immediate needs of the nation
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Economic depression
Created new unconstitutional programs
Expanded number of government employees

6. Informal Sources of Power
Mandate of the People
Strong popular support
President has to get his “message” across
Communication
Popular
Loved by the people

7. Limits on Presidential Power
Limitation by Congress
Override of a veto
Confirmation power of Congress
Control of appropriations
Power to impeach
NO !
Not this year
Not yet

8. Limits on Presidential Power
Limitation by Federal Courts
Courts can declare President’s programs unconstitutional.
Limitation by Bureaucracy
Bureaucrats can drag their feet

9. Limits on Presidential Power
Limitation by Public Opinion
Forced LBJ to not run for
re-election
Forced Clinton to abandon his plans
to change the health-care system.

10. Styles of Leadership Failure Success The Great Communicator
Must understand the public and communicate well with the public
Failure
Success
The Great
Communicator

11. Styles of Leadership Sense of Timing
Had the good sense to wait until he had an international group of supporters before attacking Saddam Hussein.

12. Styles of Leadership
Openness to new ideas
versus
Open
Closed

13. Styles of Leadership
Ability to compromise
League of Nations
Failure

14. Styles of Leadership
Political courage
???
!!!
Maybe
???
Yes

15. Presidential Isolation
Receives special treatment
May not like different opinions
Limited access to President
Chief of Staff

16. Presidential Isolation
Dangers of Isolation
Isolated
        
        
Out of Touch
Restricted

17. Presidential Isolation
The President must stay in touch with the American people and with new ideas.
???
Time will tell
Success