2. Setting a Course of Expansionism
Chapter 19:
Foreign Policy:
Setting a Course of Expansionism

3. Washington’s Influence
Foreign Policy: the set of guidelines and practices that a nation follows in its relations with other nations
Washington’s Farewell Address: President George Washington's final message to the nation, which primarily covered domestic issues but also recommended avoiding alliances with other nations
Diplomacy: the art of conducting negotiations with other nations
Neutrality: the policy of not taking sides in wars between other nations
Unilateralism: a policy of not seeking military or political alliances with foreign powers

4. REALism vs. IDEALism
Realism: in foreign policy, the belief that international relations should be guided by pragmatic self-interest-practical goals such as national defense and access to resources
National Security
Increased trade with other nations
Access to overseas resources
FOREIGN POLICY
REALISM
IDEALISM
DEFINITION
international relations should be guided by pragmatic self-interest-practical goals such as national defense and access to resources
moral values should influence international relations
EXAMPLES
National Security, increased trade with other nations, & access to overseas
Forceful opening of Japan’s trade
Louisiana purchase
Purchase of Alaska
Focuses on American ideals of Democracy, Liberty, & Rights
Spanish-American War
Protectorates
Idealism: in foreign policy, the belief that moral values should influence international relations
Focuses on American ideals of:
Democracy
Liberty
Rights

5. Opening up the Pacific Hawaii becomes a PROTECTORATE in 1849
In 1853 US Commodore Matthew Perry leads a fleet of naval ships to Japan’s Edo Harbor
Perry brought a message from Millard Fillmore asking for Japan to end its isolationism, aid shipwrecked sailors and allow for US ships to refuel in its ports
Open Door Policy: issued in 1899 stating that foreign nations must allow free trade in China
Boxer Rebellion: 1900 uprising of Chinese nationalists against a coalition force of US, European and Japanese troops

6. US Dominance of Western Hemisphere
Louisiana Purchase of 1803
War of 1812: the war between the United States and Britain from 1812 to 1814, prompted mainly by anger at British seizures of U.S. ships and sailors and ending in a draw
Spain CEDED Florida in 1819
Monroe Doctrine: the declaration by President James Monroe in 1823 warning European powers against future colonization in the Western Hemisphere or interference in Latin American republics
Texas Revolution: the 1836 rebellion of Texans against Mexican rule
Mexican-American War: the war with Mexico from 1846 to 1847, resulting in Mexico ceding to the United States a huge region from Texas to California
Purchased Alaska for $7.2 million in 1867

7. Imperialism: Pros/Cons
PROS: REASONS FOR IMPERIALISM
CONS: REASONS AGAINST IMPERIALISM
ECONOMICS:
Increase resources, capital, land, labor
Compete with other economic rivals in Europe
ISOLATIONISM:
Washington warned us about foreign issues
Imperialism would lead us to conflict and war
2. MILITARY:
Increase our naval power and bases
Protect ourselves and our interests
2. UN-AMERICAN:
We were under the rule of an unjust empire
Violated American Ideals of liberty and rights
3. MORALS:
Spread Christianity and American Ideals
Promote the “civilization” of other people
3. IMMORAL:
Forced native people to lose their culture
Resulted in more harm than good for natives