1. Flock Health
2-23

2. Sheep Misnomers Sick sheep are dead sheep
All sheep are born looking for a place to die

3. Sheep Facts normal Body Temperature - 102 Respiration rate - 20
Heart beat - 75

4. Major Health Concerns Abortions Pneumonia Coccidiosis
Digestive Disorders
Internal Parasites
Footrot

5. Healthy sheep Buy healthy sheep Minimize stress Biosecurity new sheep
space
nutrition
air quality
social
Biosecurity
new sheep
visitors
stock trailers
scales
shows

6. Abortions Toxoplasmosis Enzootic Abortion in Ewes (EAE or chlamydia)
Campylobater Vibrio

7. Abortion Prevention Know what diseases you have Vaccinate
Feed antibiotics ?????
Feed coccidiostats, not approved
Biosecurity
Isolate aborting ewes
Vet Client Patient Relationship
Closed flock or bring in ewes ahead of breeding

8. Coccidiosis Environmental problem Fecal oral Use feed additives
Bovatec
Deccox
Water treatments
Corrid
Sulfa

9. Digestive Disorders Overeating Vaccination Use feed additives
OTC or CTC
Feedbunk management

10. Digestive Disorders Acidosis Gradual ration changes
Feedbunk management
Secure feed storage
May lead to polio

11. Internal Parasites Strategic approach some de-worm every 21 days $$$
Key treatment times
1. Pre-turn out in spring
2. Pre-lambing
Success depends on clean pastures

12. Internal Parasites Clean pasture No sheep for 6 months
Jan-June or July- Dec
Hay field re-growth
Crop residue

13. Internal Parasites Effective dosing correctly administered
route and amount
good stockmanship
Rotating de-wormers ????

14. Footrot & Producer Attitudes
1. Accept footrot and limping sheep
2. Believe facilities are permanently contaminated
3. Too soft on trimming

16. Producer Attitudes 4. Do not regularly trim feet
5. Want a shot or feed additive to cure the problem

17. Footrot basics Dichelobacter nodosus Fusobacterium necrophorum
(always present)

18. Transmission From infected to clean sheep
Best environmental conditions
40-70 degrees
wet soil or bedding
hoof injury

19. Prevention Trust no one Assume all flocks have footrot
Quarantine new purchases
Contaminated trailers
Trust no one

20. Treatment Harsh trimming Foot soaks (30 minutes)
10% zinc sulfate with wetting agent
Vaccination (Footvax availabilty?)

21. Treatment Separate clean from infected Cull non-responders Dry pens
Can only live outside the foot for less than 2 weeks
Cull non-responders
Dry pens
Antibiotics (LA mg/kg)
(Zactran 6 mg/kg)

22. Summary
Never buy it
Footrot free flocks do exist

23. Foot Scald Less hoof damage Wet conditions Foot soaks very effective
whitish, pasty material between the hooves
Wet conditions
Foot soaks very effective
Antibiotics

24. Soremouth Zoonotic disease Long lived Timing is everything
Mastitis is greatest problem
youth flocks

25. Summary on Health
You can not afford to treat for every possible problem
Biosecurity and stress
VPCR
Prevention is cheaper than treatment
Know your flocks health problems