1. Rock Cyle
Chapter 3

2. BELLRINGER:
What do you remember from last year about the types of rocks and the rock cycle?

3. Weathering and Erosion
Weathering: The breakdown of rock by wind, water, or ice to form sediment.
Sediment can be dirt, sand, mud, gravel, ect
To break down into smaller and smaller pieces.

4. Weathering from Ice

5. Weathering from Water
Running Water (like Rivers and Streams) can breakdown or dissolve rock.
The Grand Canyon was formed by a VERY large river.

6. Weathering by Wind
Strong winds can grind away rock and form unique structures like pillars and arcs

7. EROSION
When rock is weathered to form Sediment, this sediment can be moved from one place to another by wind, water, ice or just falling from gravity
When sediment is “dropped off” at the other place, this process is called DEPOSITION.
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8. WEATHERING AND EROSION Review Questions
Weathering is the ________ of rocks into smaller pieces, and erosion is the _______ _______ (Two words) of those pieces from one place to another.
When sediment is “dropped off” somewhere else is called __________.
(true/false): Weathering and erosion are responsible for the formation of the Grand Canyon by what used to be a HUGE river.

9. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
When sediment is deposited in place it will form layers, usually called BEDDING.
As more sediment is deposited on top of older beddings, the weight on the lower bedding starts to build up, which causes ______? to increase

10. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
As Pressure increases, it pushes to particles of sediment closer together, this is known as COMPACTION.
When water moves through the empty spaces, sometimes it leaves behind stuff that was dissolved in it, which forms a type of cement that glues the sediment together, this process is called CEMENTATION.

12. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Review Questions
As more sediment is DEPOSITED on top of older layers, or _______, the weight pressing down on the lower layers grows, which causes an increase in _________.

13. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Review
SO remember that weathering leads to erosion, which ends in deposition, and as pressure increases particles are “Pushed together” through a process called _______.
Sometimes rock that is dissolved in water can be left behind as it passes through the empty spaces between sediment particles, forming a sort of _______ that glues the particles together.

14. IGNEOUS ROCKS Formed when lava or magma cools & hardens
Found near volcanoes & fissures
ex. Basalt, obsidian, Granite
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15. IGNEOUS ROCKS Two Types of Igneous Rocks:
Volcanic (EXtrustive): cool extremely fast, or very near the surface of Earth, Outside the crust,
Plutonic (INtrusive): cool slowly over thousands of years, cool INSIDE the crust.

16. IGNEOUS ROCKS Review Questions
Igneous rocks are formed from?
Which type of rock forms when magma cools REALY FAST?
Which type of rock forms when magma cools INside the crust over thousands of years?

17. METAMORPHIC ROCK Forms under intense heat and pressure.
May have ribbon-like features and large crystals
Both igneous and
Sedimentary rocks can
Become metamorphic.

18. METAMORPHIC ROCKS Three main types of metamorphosis:
Contact metamorphism: Rock that is heated and “Baked” by Magma.
Regional Metamorphism: Occurs when the crust is folded, like when mountains form.
Burial metamorphism: occurs when sedimentary rock is buried under so much weight that pressure and temperature increase.

19. CONTACT METAMORPHISM

20. Regional Metamorphism

21. Burial Metamorphism

22. METAMORPHIC ROCKS Review Questions
Metamorphic rocks form when igneous or sedimentary rocks are under extreme ______ and/or _______.
When rock is “baked” by magma nearby it is called _________ metamorphism.
Regional Metamorphism happens when __________ form.

23. THE ROCK CYLE
We learned about all three types of rock, now we will learn about the rock cycle.
Each type of rock can become any of the other types and eventually will, this never ending circle is what we call the rock cycle.
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24. SEDIMENTARY AND IGNEOUS TO METAMORPHIC ROCKS
When two tectonic plate crash into each other, it causes the crust (Sedimentary and igneous rock) to fold and bend.
This causes an increase in pressure and temperature, turning igneous into metamorphic rock

25. IGNEOUS AND SEDIMENTARY TO NEW SEDIMENTARY ROCK
When igneous and sedimentary rocks are weathered and eroded, they are eventually deposited.
As the weight of “sediment” builds up it causes ________ and _______ (like glue), which forms sedimentary rock.

26. IGNEOUS, METAMORPHIC, AND SEDIMENTARY TO NEW IGENOUS.
In some places, the crust is sunk back into the mantle (which we will talk about later on).
When this happens, the crustal rock turns back to magma.
It will later find its way back to the surface to become new IGNEOUS rocks

28. ROCK CYCLE GIZMOOOOO