1. X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy (WBS 1.4) Aymeric Robert
System Specifications
System Description
WBS
Schedule and Costs
Summary
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2. Science Team
Specifications and instrument concepts developed and refined with the science team.
The XCS team leaders
Brian Stephenson, Argonne Natl. Lab. (leader)
Gerhard Grübel, DESY, Germany
Karl Ludwig, Boston University
The specifications and instruments have been developed and refined by/with the XPCS science team,
which is headed by Brian Stephenson of ANL, includes G. Grubel of DESY and Karl Ludwig of BU;
The team and LUSI staff meet and discuss various issues pertaining to this instrument on a regular basis.
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3. X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy
Fully spatially coherent
Short pulse duration
High brightness
Visible Raman
Scattering
Visible Brillouin
Visible Photon
Correlation
Spectroscopy
Inelastic
X-ray and Neutron
X-ray Photon
3rd Generation Sources
LCLS
XPCS measures the temporal changes in speckle patterns produce by scattering of a disordered system illuminated by a coherent beam;
it extracts dynamic parameters by calculating the time auto-correlation function of time-delayed images;
XPCS at LCLS allows study of fast dynamics inaccessible by dynamic light scattering using visible light, conventional XPCS at 3G-synchrontrons, or inelastic scattering by neutrons or x-rays;
The areas of physics that can be studied by XPCS at LCLS include: Glassy systems, phonon spectroscopy, and surface dynamics;
To fully take advantages of the uniqueness's of the LCLS beam, coherence preserving optics, fast and high resolution 2d detector, and a split-delay element will be required;
Dynamics of glassy materials
Phonon spectroscopy
Surface dynamics …
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4. Sequential XCS Time-average Brilliance 10 ms < tC < hrsD t 1 2 3 4
Intensity autocorrelation function
Sequential XCS
XPCS measures the temporal changes in speckle patterns produce by scattering of a disordered system illuminated by a coherent beam;
it extracts dynamic parameters by calculating the time auto-correlation function of time-delayed images;
XPCS at LCLS allows study of fast dynamics inaccessible by dynamic light scattering using visible light, conventional XPCS at 3G-synchrontrons, or inelastic scattering by neutrons or x-rays;
The areas of physics that can be studied by XPCS at LCLS include: Glassy systems, phonon spectroscopy, and surface dynamics;
To fully take advantages of the uniqueness's of the LCLS beam, coherence preserving optics, fast and high resolution 2d detector, and a split-delay element will be required;
Time-average Brilliance
10 ms < tC < hrs
Large Q’s accessible
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5. Ultrafast XCS Peak Brilliance & Pulse Duration
XPCS measures the temporal changes in speckle patterns produce by scattering of a disordered system illuminated by a coherent beam;
it extracts dynamic parameters by calculating the time auto-correlation function of time-delayed images;
XPCS at LCLS allows study of fast dynamics inaccessible by dynamic light scattering using visible light, conventional XPCS at 3G-synchrontrons, or inelastic scattering by neutrons or x-rays;
The areas of physics that can be studied by XPCS at LCLS include: Glassy systems, phonon spectroscopy, and surface dynamics;
To fully take advantages of the uniqueness's of the LCLS beam, coherence preserving optics, fast and high resolution 2d detector, and a split-delay element will be required;
Peak Brilliance & Pulse Duration
pulse duration < tC< several ns
Large Q’s accessible
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6. Split and Delay Provided by DESY/SLAC MoU Prototype existing
1st Commissioning May 2007
pulse duration < delay < 3 ns
based on Si (511) with 2θ = 90º
E=8.389 keV
XPCS measures the temporal changes in speckle patterns produce by scattering of a disordered system illuminated by a coherent beam;
it extracts dynamic parameters by calculating the time auto-correlation function of time-delayed images;
XPCS at LCLS allows study of fast dynamics inaccessible by dynamic light scattering using visible light, conventional XPCS at 3G-synchrontrons, or inelastic scattering by neutrons or x-rays;
The areas of physics that can be studied by XPCS at LCLS include: Glassy systems, phonon spectroscopy, and surface dynamics;
To fully take advantages of the uniqueness's of the LCLS beam, coherence preserving optics, fast and high resolution 2d detector, and a split-delay element will be required;
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7. XCS SCOPE - WBS 1.4 Scope/CD-1 Estimate Includes:
Physics support & engineering integration
X-ray optics – monochromator, focusing optics, slits system, attenuator
Detectors - 2D Detector
Sample environments – diffractometer system (including detector stages)
Laboratory facilities
Vacuum system (in 200 m long transport tunnel)
Installation
Diagnostics (WBS 1.5)
Controls & Data System (WBS 1.6)
In Kind Contribution :
Split and Delay setup ( from SLAC/DESY MoU in process)
The scope of the XPCS instrument includes: X-ray optics for delivering the beam to the endstation, 2-d detector, lab facilities, vacuum in long tunnel;
Controls, Diag., and Installation will be covered in WBS 1.6 to 1.8.
To complete the system, the split-delay element, and the diffractometer, sample env. will be provided by the science team and collaborators.
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8. System Specifications
Item
Purpose
Specification
Monochromator
( design identical XPP mono)
Increase longitudinal coherence length
(i.e narrow spectrum)
Multiplex LCLS beam
600 mm horizontal offset, 9°-50° scattering range,
0.02 arcsec angular resolution and repeatability
Focusing optics
Reduce beam size,
Maximize flux at sample
Down to 10 mm focal spot size,
Preserves coherence
X-ray diffractometer
Sample orientation,
Positioning of the detector
Orientation in 6 degrees of freedom
Detector positioning acc. and res. < 35 μm
Detector
Collect 2D speckle patterns
2D, 1kx1k pixels, 35 mm x 35 mm pixel size, readout 120 Hz, 102 dynamic range
Split and Delay
(SLAC/DESY MoU)
Access ultrafast XPCS
Pulse duration < delay < 3 ns
E=8.389 keV (prototype specifications)
Vacuum
system
Beam delivery to FEH
Vacuum ~ 10-7 torr
(200 m long transport tunnel)
The design of the offset monochromator for this endstation is identical to that of pump-probe instrument.
The design of the detector is similar to that for the pump-probe, but the key matrix here is the pixel size for achieving optimal resolution.
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9. XCS Instrument Location
Far Experimental Hall
XCS
Endstation
X-ray Transport Tunnel (200 m)
(WBS 1.4.5)
CXI
XPP
AMO
(LCLS)
XCS Offset Monochromator†
(WBS 1.4.2)
†Upstream location to offer sufficient separation for HED instrument when using mirror for beam sharing
Near Experimental Hall
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10. Monochromator and Split & Delay upstream
SAXS Detector Stage
Monochromator and Split & Delay upstream
WAXS
Detector Stage
Diffractometer
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11. XCS System Description
1.4.1 Physics support and engineering integration
1.4.2 X-ray optics
1.4.3 Detector
1.4.4 Laboratory facilities
1.4.5 Vacuum system
1.4.6 Sample environment
1.4.7 Installation
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12. XCS System Description (2)
XCS Beam
Transport Tunnel
LCLS
Beam
Parameter
Value
Energy Range
6 – 24 keV
Horizontal Offset
600 mm
Scattering Angle
Accuracy
0.02 arcsec
χ Accuracy
4 arcsec
The main x-ray optic included in the x-ray pump-probe instrument is a double crystal monochromator. This device will serve a dual purpose: The first purpose is to provide additional spectral filtering of the LCLS beam. This capability is important for resonant scattering experiments. The second purpose is to multiplex the LCLS beam to allow concurrent beam delivery to multiple stations. This is achieved by using thin Bragg reflectors. The monochromator is specified to accomodate x-ray energies ranging from 8 to 24 keV. A 600 mm offset between the monochromatic beam and direct beam is specified to allow sufficeint space to install a x-ray spectrometer in the monochromatic beam without interference with the direct beam vacuum transport.
Additional x-ray optics include a beryllium lens, precision slits, and attenuators.
Different systems will require
1.4.2 X-ray Optics
Monochromator
Thin crystals
Be lens
Slits
Attenuators
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13. XCS System Description (3)
D Detector (BNL)
1024 x 1024 pixels
35 mm x 35 mm micron pixel size
High Detector Quantum Efficiency (DQE)
10 2 dynamic range
Noise << 1 photon
120 Hz Readout Rate
Laboratory facilities
1.4.5 Vacuum system
The main x-ray optic included in the x-ray pump-probe instrument is a double crystal monochromator. This device will serve a dual purpose: The first purpose is to provide additional spectral filtering of the LCLS beam. This capability is important for resonant scattering experiments. The second purpose is to multiplex the LCLS beam to allow concurrent beam delivery to multiple stations. This is achieved by using thin Bragg reflectors. The monochromator is specified to accomodate x-ray energies ranging from 8 to 24 keV. A 600 mm offset between the monochromatic beam and direct beam is specified to allow sufficeint space to install a x-ray spectrometer in the monochromatic beam without interference with the direct beam vacuum transport.
Additional x-ray optics include a beryllium lens, precision slits, and attenuators.
Different systems will require
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14. XCS System Description (4)
1.4.6 Sample environment
X-ray diffractometer
Detector motion in horizontal scattering plane
SAXS detector stage (distance from 10 to 20 m)
WAXS detector stage ( distance 3.5 and 7 m , 2θ up to 60º)
Vacuum chamber
1.4.7 Installation
The main x-ray optic included in the x-ray pump-probe instrument is a double crystal monochromator. This device will serve a dual purpose: The first purpose is to provide additional spectral filtering of the LCLS beam. This capability is important for resonant scattering experiments. The second purpose is to multiplex the LCLS beam to allow concurrent beam delivery to multiple stations. This is achieved by using thin Bragg reflectors. The monochromator is specified to accomodate x-ray energies ranging from 8 to 24 keV. A 600 mm offset between the monochromatic beam and direct beam is specified to allow sufficeint space to install a x-ray spectrometer in the monochromatic beam without interference with the direct beam vacuum transport.
Additional x-ray optics include a beryllium lens, precision slits, and attenuators.
Different systems will require
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15. 1.4 WBS
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16. XCS Milestones CD-1 Aug 01, 07 Conceptual Design Complete Jul 14, 09
CD-2b Oct 01, 09
CD-3b Mar 31, 10
Receive Offset monochromator Jul 14, 11
Receive Sample Environment Aug 14, 11
Install BNL XCS Detector Sep 30, 11
Installation Complete Nov 14, 11
CD-4b Mar 30, 12
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17. XCS Cost Estimate
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18. Summary Instrument concept is advanced
Instrument concepts is based on proven developments made at SR sources
Initial specification well developed
Ready to proceed with baseline cost and schedule development
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