1. Pre- World War I Alliances
Alsace & Lorraine
German unification
- Franco-Prussian War
- Germany took Alsace & Lorraine from France
- German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck looked for support in case France attacked
> 1879 Austro-German Alliance
> 1882 Triple Alliance
(Germany, A-H, & Italy)
secret

2. > 1887 Reinsurance Treaty (Germany & Russia)
[Each neutral in war unless Russia attacked A-H or Germany attacked France]
> 1890 Bismarck fired by Kaiser Wilhelm II
{lets Reinsurance Treaty lapse}
> 1894 Franco-Russian Alliance
(Radical Republic & Autocracy)
> 1902 Anglo-Japanese Alliance
( Boer War costly & difficult)
(1898 Germany begins building a navy)

3. HMS Dreadnought

4. Dreadnoughts in 1914
At Sea Under Construction
Britain
Germany
USA 8
France 8
Japan 4
A-H 2
Italy 1

5. > 1904 Anglo-French Entente (settle disputes in empire)
> Russo-Japanese War
(Did not drag Britain & France into it, which strengthened the Entente.)
> 1905 Moroccan Crisis
(Wilhelm II tests Br.-Fr. friendship)
> 1907 Anglo-Russian Entente
(settle disputes in Persia/Afghanistan)
> Balkan Wars
(newly independent nations in S.E. Europe looking to expand)

7. MOST IMPORTANT EVENT OF THE 2OTH CENTURY!
(1908 A-H annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina)
(Serbia wanted them to gain sea access)
(Russia saw itself as the Slav “big brother,” but had to back down – never again.)
July Crisis
- June 28, 1914 A-H Archduke Francis Ferdinand visited Sarajevo; Bosnian capital
> Black Hand
(Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian revolutionary, assassinated the archduke)
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT OF THE 2OTH CENTURY!

9. Franz Ferdinand & Gavrilo Princip

10. Franz Ferdinand & Sophie