1. Cognates, Prefixes & Suffixes
Hernández Hernández Raúl
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2. Cognates
Cognates are words in two languages that share a similar meaning, spelling, and pronunciation.
In etymology, the cognate category excludes doublets and loan words. The word cognate derives from the Latin noun cognatus, which means "blood relative".

3. Example English Spanish Curious Curioso Delicious Delicioso Glorious
Words that end in –ous change to –oso
Words that end in –al are usually the same in English
English
Spanish
Curious
Curioso
Delicious
Delicioso
Glorious
Glorioso
Mysterious
Misterioso
Numerous
Numeroso
Precious
Precioso
Religious
Religioso
Tedious
Tedioso
English
Spanish
Hospital
Medical
Animal
Casual
Digital
Final
Ideal
Tropical

4. Example English Spanish Act Acto Exact Exacto Correct Correcto Insect
Words that end in –ct change to –cto
Words that end in –ance change to –ancia
English
Spanish
Act
Acto
Exact
Exacto
Correct
Correcto
Insect
Insecto
Dialect
Dialecto
Perfect
Perfecto
Product
Producto
Conflict
Conflicto
English
Spanish
Ambulance
Ambulancia
France
Francia
Distance
Distancia
Tolerance
Tolerancia
Elegance
Elegancia
Importance
Importancia
Abundance
Abundancia

5. Words that end in –ic change to –ico
Example
Words that end in –ic change to –ico
English
Spanish
Alcoholic
Alcohólico
Basic
Básico
Fantastic
Fantástico
Generic
Genérico
Medic
Médico
Organic
Orgánico
Panic
Pánico
Romantic
Romántico

6. Prefixes
A prefix is a group of letters placed before the root of a word. For example, the word "unhappy" consists of the prefix "un-" [which means "not"] combined with the root (stem) word "happy"; the word "unhappy" means "not happy."

7. Prefixes

8. Suffixes
A suffix is a group of letters placed after the root of a word. For example, the word flavorless consists of the root word "flavor" combined with the suffix "-less" [which means "without"]; the word "flavorless" means "having no flavor."

9. Suffixes

10. References http://www.dictionary.com/browse/prefix
Oxford Dictionary of English (3 ed.) Oxford Pages