Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Origins of life on earth

Published byScot Murphy Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Origins of life on earth"— Presentation transcript:

1 Origins of life on earth
Alex Bariahtaris

2 The First Cells on Earth
Cells can only form from other cells Pasteur experiment Claims of first cells 3.8 billion years ago Bacterial fossils date from 1.9 billion years Rocks in Greenland indicate presence of oxygen (3.8 billion years ago)

3 Requirements of Life on Earth
Even prokaryotic cells are intricate Four essential processes for formation of life Chemical reactions>> organic molecules Organic molecules>> polymers Ability of polymers to self-replicate Development of membranes Only way to produce cell-like structures

4 Miller and Urey Experiment
Attempted to prove spontaneous formation of life Created conditions that were similar to those believed to exist pre-life Electrical discharges/boiling and condensing water Organic compounds, amino acids formed

5 Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Membranes needed to form cells Phospholipids naturally group together, form layers Process forms membrane bound structures known as protobionts Endosymbiotic theory: mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from prokaryotes Both structures grow, divide like cells, genetic structure

6 Species/Speciation Separate, unique population capable of interbreeding Controversy: sibling species, asexual repro Formation of a new species, isolation of gene pool Allopatric (geographic separation) and Sympatric (no interbreeding)

7 Evolutionary Trends Adaptive radiation: organisms find different roles
Different advantage for different organisms Divergent/Convergent Evolution Divergent, species evolve very differently Convergent species show striking similarities Punctuated equilibrium rate of evolution Consistent with environmental conditions

8 Human Origin and Evolution
Humans classified as primates, similar anatomical features Grasping limbs, mobile arms, upright posture, etc. Homo sapiens are only existing hominid Fossils have shown evolutionary trends Increasing brain size in relation to body

9 Classification/Phylogeny
Arranging organisms into groups is advantageous Species Identification Predictive Value (other species in similar groups) Evolutionary links (similar ancestors) Also artificial classification, based off of one specific characteristic Phylogeny compares structures of proteins and other biochemicals

10 Citations Allott, Andrew. Biology For The IB Diploma: Standard and Higher Level. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007, Print.

Download ppt "Origins of life on earth"

Similar presentations

Topic D.1 Evolution Origin of Life on Earth.

Topic D.1 Evolution Origin of Life on Earth.
Unit 5 Evolution Ch. 17 The History of Life.

Unit 5 Evolution Ch. 17 The History of Life.
Chapter 17 – Miller · Levine

Chapter 17 – Miller · Levine
Vocabulary Review Ch 15 – Theory of Evolution. A heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next; the development.

Vocabulary Review Ch 15 – Theory of Evolution. A heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next; the development.
Evolutionary History Chapter 20. Before life…  Chemical evolution:  The formation of small organic molecules preceded larger ones  Larger, more complex.

Evolutionary History Chapter 20. Before life…  Chemical evolution:  The formation of small organic molecules preceded larger ones  Larger, more complex.
Evolutionary trends By Martin Samaj.

Evolutionary trends By Martin Samaj.
Jeopardy 100 The theories of life 500 300 200 400 100 Evidence of Evolution 500 300 200 400 100 Geologic TIme 500 300 200 400 100 First life forms 500.

Jeopardy 100 The theories of life Evidence of Evolution Geologic TIme First life forms 500.
Recap on Evolution. What is the Theory of Evolution? Evolution is defined as change over time. One of the earliest theories of evolution was put forward.

Recap on Evolution. What is the Theory of Evolution? Evolution is defined as change over time. One of the earliest theories of evolution was put forward.
EVOLUTION Relationships Among Organisms. Similarities Among Organisms All organisms on Earth are related Some relationships are easier to see than others.

EVOLUTION Relationships Among Organisms. Similarities Among Organisms All organisms on Earth are related Some relationships are easier to see than others.
The History of Life. Spontaneous Generation  The belief that life arose from non-living things.  As scientific thinking progressed through the ages,

The History of Life. Spontaneous Generation  The belief that life arose from non-living things.  As scientific thinking progressed through the ages,
1 Human Evolution. 2 Outline Origin of Life Biological Evolution Common Descent Natural Selection Primates – Human Evolution – Evolution of Modern Humans.

1 Human Evolution. 2 Outline Origin of Life Biological Evolution Common Descent Natural Selection Primates – Human Evolution – Evolution of Modern Humans.
Fossils Ancient and extinct species Not complete – Conditions are rare What can become a fossil? – Hard parts most likely – Entire organisms – Part of.

Fossils Ancient and extinct species Not complete – Conditions are rare What can become a fossil? – Hard parts most likely – Entire organisms – Part of.
Topic 3: Evidence for evolution. Fossil record The sequence that fossils appear within layers (strata) of sedimentary rocks Three types of fossils: –Mineralized.

Topic 3: Evidence for evolution. Fossil record The sequence that fossils appear within layers (strata) of sedimentary rocks Three types of fossils: –Mineralized.
Origin of Life Chapter 12. KEY CONCEPT The origin of life on Earth remains a puzzle.

Origin of Life Chapter 12. KEY CONCEPT The origin of life on Earth remains a puzzle.
The Origins of Life The Big Bang occurred about 18 billion years ago, creating the universe. The Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago. Life on Earth.

The Origins of Life The Big Bang occurred about 18 billion years ago, creating the universe. The Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago. Life on Earth.
The Evolutionary Story

The Evolutionary Story
SC.912.L.15.8. Conditions on early Earth The gases thought to be on early earth were ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and NO oxygen. The Miller-Urey.

SC.912.L Conditions on early Earth The gases thought to be on early earth were ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and NO oxygen. The Miller-Urey.
Chapter 19/20 Section 19-3: Earth’s Early History.

Chapter 19/20 Section 19-3: Earth’s Early History.
Maddie Fox. Charles Darwin 1809- Born in England 1830- Received his B.A. from Cambridge 1832-1836- Darwin serves as ship naturalist on the HMS Beagle.

Maddie Fox. Charles Darwin Born in England Received his B.A. from Cambridge Darwin serves as ship naturalist on the HMS Beagle.
Ch. 16 - Evolution. Unit 4 – Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16) 1.Define Evolution 2.List the major events that led to Charles Darwin’s development of his theory.

Ch Evolution. Unit 4 – Evolution (Ch. 14, 15, 16) 1.Define Evolution 2.List the major events that led to Charles Darwin’s development of his theory.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google