1. 8th grade MSP NOV 2015

2. Standards
Math
8.G.A.3 Describe the effect of dilations, translations, rotations, and reflections on two-dimensional figures using coordinates.
8.G.A.4 Understand that a two-dimensional figure is similar to another if the second can be obtained from the first by a sequence of rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations; given two similar two-dimensional figures, describe a sequence that exhibits the similarity between them.
Science
SPI Distinguish between mass and weight using appropriate measuring instruments and units.
SPI Determine the relationship among the mass of objects, the distance between these objects, and the amount of gravitational attraction.
SPI Illustrate how gravity controls the motion of objects in the solar system.

3. Space Trash Challenge
The Earth’s orbit is filled with space trash such as out-of-commission satellites, discarded bits of rocket stages, and fragments of spacecraft. In 2011, an US National Research Council study led by Donald Kessler, a former NASA scientist, reported that the current orbital debris environment has reached a ‘tipping point’. The numbers of objects, as well as their mass, had reached a level at which frequent collisions among orbital debris is becoming more likely. What can NASA do to postpone or eliminate the threat of space trash colliding and falling onto Earth? Using your knowledge of transformations, explain how NASA can track space trash and propose a plan of action.
Adapted from:

4. Tipping point: In 2011, a study reported that space debris had reached
a level at which frequent collisions and spacecraft failures are increasingly likely.
(Copyright: Science Photo Library)
Debris piling up around Earth that could seriously damage spacecraft and satellites has reached a tipping point. So how are we going to get rid of it?
By Sharon Weinberger
18 May 2012

5. From

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7. Why do we need to learn about transformations?
Ch04OQ5r&dpr=1#safe=active&tbm=isch&q=CAD+system+use+to+create+geometric+models+of+object&imgrc=8LknmXzU3zV1wM%3A
dangerousprototypes.com

8. Clear Target
I can define dilation, reflection and rotation given a contextual scenario in science and math classes.

9. Math Vocabulary
(p. 7 Lesson Plan- Rot_Dilations.pdf)
Are the words dilation, reflection and rotation use within the same context in science and math class?

10. Exploring Dilation
Infer: What will happen to an illuminated circle as your distance from a wall changes?
6 “away
12 “away
What are dilations? Where do we use dilations in the real-world?
 +++ Circle is getting larger or smaller as the distance changes. The shape stays the same.
Infer: what will happen to an illuminated circle as the distance changes?
Using a flashlight, aim to the paper on the wall.
Move the flashlight closer to the paper and observe what happens to the size of the circle.
Move the flashlight farther away from the paper and observe what happens to the size of the circle.
Draw three different circles each at different distances from the paper: 6 inches, 12 inches and 24 inches.
Did your results support or contradict your prediction? Explain the results observed.
24 “away

11. Science Application Dilation of pupil when exposed to changes in light
Dilation of the blood vessels when body temperature changes

12. How do you use dilation in …
Math?
Science?
Math: Circle is getting larger or smaller as the distance changes. The shape stays the same. The dimensions change.
Science: Does the planet appear larger? Why does the planet appears larger?

13. Exploring Reflection
Infer: what will happen when printed material is reflected over a line using a Geo mirror?
Using a Geo Mirror, place printed material on one of its sides and observe what happens. Describe the changes caused by the mirror reflection.
On a graph paper or graph board, draw a Capital letter “F”. Place the drawing of the letter “F” on one side of the Geo Mirror and observe what happens. Did your observations support or contradict your prediction? Explain the results observed.
What does your picture look like in the mirror? Is it the same? What is different?
Are there some letters or shapes that look the same in the mirror?
How does the picture change when you move the mirror?
Place
Printed Material

14. Exploring Reflection
Infer: what will happen when half of a circle is reflected over a Geo mirror?
Draw half of a circle and place it on one side of a Geo Mirror and observe what happens.
Did your observations support or contradict your prediction? Explain the results observed.
What does your picture look like in the mirror? Is it the same? What is different?
How does the picture change when you move the mirror?

15. Science Application- Microscopes
Letter e

16. How do you use reflection in …
Math?
Science?

17. Exploring Rotations
Infer: What will happen when a 2-D object is rotated around a central point using a Geo mirror?
Get a copy of p. 82, Activity 128 in Mira Book
Place a Geo Mirror align on its center point. Move the Geo Mirror clockwise and observe the triangle’s change of location.
Repeat the same step but move counterclockwise and observe the triangle’s change of location.

18. Exploring Rotations
Infer: What does happen when Earth revolve around the sun?
Get a picture of the Earth’s revolution around the sun.
Place a Geo Mirror horizontally and aligned with the sun’s central point. Move the Geo Mirror clockwise and observe the Earth’s change of location.
Repeat the same step but move counterclockwise and observe the Earth’s change of location.
Did your observations support or contradict your prediction? Explain the results observed.

19. Rotation vs. Revolution

20. How do you use rotation in …
Math?
Science?
Rotation- spin of a body on its axis
Orbit- path a body follows as it travels around another body
Revolution- motion of a body that travels around another body in space
It is not a mathematical rotation because the Earth rotates around its own axis and revolves around the sun in an orbital path.
Each planet rotates on its own axis. This rotation creates the day-night cycle as half of the planet faces to or away from the sun. Planets also move in an orbit or elliptical path around the sun. Each planet completes an orbit around the sun in a different amount of time. This is known as a revolution.

21. Why do planets and other satellite objects
orbit around another object?
Lecture 2www.astro.wisc.edu315 × 275Search by imageCompetition between inertia (Newton's 1st law) and the force of gravity
How does the sun exerts a gravitational pull on Earth?

22. Law of Universal Gravitation
The force of gravity is affected by: mass (m) and distance or proximity between objects (d)
How does gravity work?

23.
Gravity Force Lab- simulation
Students will change the mass of the two circles and compare the amount of force. Then students will change the distance and compare the amount of force again. Which of the two variables have a greater effect on force, mass and/or distance? Students should be able to explain using quantifiable data from the simulation.

24. Mass vs. Weight
Mass is the amount of matter in an object. The only way to change the mass of an object is by changing the amount of matter that makes up the object.
Weight is the measure of gravitational force exerted on an object. Weight varies depending on where the object is in relation to Earth (or any large body in the universe).

25. Quick Write
Using your knowledge of the Law of Universal Gravitation, explain how the mass and the distance affect the amount of gravitational force between two objects orbiting around each other? How does the Law of Universal Gravitation explain the orbital movement of Space Trash around the Earth? Why will the understanding of this Law become increasingly important in light of preventing unwanted landings of Space Trash?

26. Tracking Space Trash: “A Science Fiction Scenario”
An object considered ‘Space Trash’ has been identified by NASA. It is 2 feet in diameter and its location on the coordinate plane can be estimated at (3,2). The object travels in a circular orbit around the Earth which last 272 days. To take additional video footage for NASA, find the estimated location in the coordinate plane on the 68th day. Draw and label its location on the coordinate plane and explain how you arrived to your answer.
Developed after reading
Source:
Can we map the orbit of debris/objects and predict when these will be falling onto Earth?
Can we map the orbit of debris/objects and predict when they can collide with our communication satellites?