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(iceworms, rock crawlers) MANTOPHASMATODEA (African rock crawlers)

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Presentation on theme: "(iceworms, rock crawlers) MANTOPHASMATODEA (African rock crawlers)"— Presentation transcript:

1 (iceworms, rock crawlers) MANTOPHASMATODEA (African rock crawlers)
DERMAPTERA (earwigs) GRYLLOBLATTODEA (iceworms, rock crawlers) MANTOPHASMATODEA (African rock crawlers)

2 Embiodea(=Embioptera)
Aquatic nymphs Ovipositor lost Plecoptera Terrestrial nymphs Silk glands Embiodea(=Embioptera) No silk glands Zoraptera Dermaptera prognathous head Cerci modified to forceps Cerci not modified Grylloblattodea ? Mantophasmatodea Saltatorial hind legs Orthoptera Hind legs not saltatorial Phasmatodea

3 Hexapod Orders Dermaptera Derma - skin, ptera - wing Number of Species
>1900 Common names earwigs Typical habitats - fossorial - damp, dark Distinguishing characteristics - cerci - large forceps Other features - females show parental care

4 Dermaptera - Cerci

5 Dermaptera - Parental Care

6 Hexapod Orders Grylloblattodea Gryllo - cricket, blatto - roach
Number of Species 25 Common names Iceworms, rock crawlers Typical habitats - near melting snow, litter in alpine forests Distinguishing characteristics -lack of cerci -wingless Other features -live in cold habitats -restricted to Northern Hemisphere

7 Grylloblattid - Habitat

8 Hexapod Orders Mantophasmatodea
Manto - mantid, phasmato - stick insect Number of Species 8 Common names African rock crawlers, gladiators, heelwalkers Typical habitats -xeric, rocky habitat Distinguishing characteristics -wingless -enlarged arolium Other features -closest relative - Grylloblattodea -carnivores

9 Mantophasmatodea - Distribution
Grylloblattids Mantophasmatodea

10 Mantophasmatodea - Distribution
• • • • • • • • • • • •

11 Mantophasmatodea - Predatory adaptations
Large eyes Spines on forelegs

12 Eggs hatch - juveniles develop in winter (wet) months
Mantophasmatodea - Life cycle Eggs hatch - juveniles develop in winter (wet) months Autumn rains (May) Mating Eggs laid in egg pod -resists desiccation

13 Mantophasmatodea - Relationship to other orthopteroid orders
Predatory adaptations (mantids) Egg cases (roaches, mantids) Wingless (grylloblattids) Prolonged mating (phasmids) Male eaten after mating (mantids) Substrate communication (stoneflies) Male much smaller than female (mantids)

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