1. Ch 6
Cellular Respiration

2. Energy for life + + Heat energy ECOSYSTEM Photosynthesis
in chloroplasts
CO2
Glucose + +
H2O O2
Cellular respiration
in mitochondria
ATP
(for cellular work)
Heat energy

3. Breathing vs Cellular Respiration
Breathing- gas exchange
Cellular respiration- aerobic harvesting of energy from food molecules by cells

4. Cellular Respiration Stores energy in ATP C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
+ 6 O2 6
CO2
+ 6
H2O +
ATPs
Glucose
Oxygen
Carbon
dioxide
Water
Energy

5. Cell Respiration

6. Redox Oxidation- loss of e- Reduction- addition of e- C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Loss of hydrogen atoms
(oxidation)
C6H12O O2
6 CO H2O Energy
(ATP)
Gain of hydrogen atoms
(reduction)

7. Glucose Oxidation Dehydrogenase NAD+ Oxidation Dehydrogenase Reduction
NADH + H+
(carries
2 electrons)
2 H e–

8. ETC Electron Transport Chain NADH NAD+ ATP + 2e– Controlled release of
energy for
synthesis
of ATP H+
Electron transport
chain
2e– 1  2 O2 H+
H2O

9. Cell Respiration

10. Glycolysis Splits sugar Breaks Glucose into 2 three C sugars
Yields 2 pyruvate molecules
Net gain of +2 ATP
Glucose
2 ADP 2
NAD+ + 2 P 2
NADH 2
ATP + 2 H+
2 Pyruvate

11. Glycolysis Substrate-level phosphorylation
Transfer of P from substrate to ADP
Energy banked in ATP and NADH
Enzyme
Enzyme P
ADP +
ATP P P
Substrate
Product
2 Pyruvate

12. Formation of Acetyl CoA
Carbon removed from pyruvic acid producing 2 carbon acetyl group
Coenxyme A added producing Acetyl CoA 12

13. Krebs Cycle Acetyl CoA plugged into Krebs cycle
- rxn series liberates electrons to NAD & FAD 13

14. Oxidative Phosphorylation
NAD & FAD shuttle electrons to ETC
Gain another 32 ATP mols = 34 total
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION 14

15. Stopping the chain ATP synthase Rotenone Cyanide, Oligomycin
carbon monoxide
Oligomycin
ATP
synthase H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+
DNP H+
DNP
FADH2
FAD 1  2
NADH O2
NAD+
+ 2 H+ H+ H+
ADP + P
H2O
ATP H+
Electron Transport Chain
Chemiosmosis

16. ATP yield Electron shuttle across membrane Cytoplasm Mitochondrion 2 2
NADH
NADH
(or 2 FADH2) 2 6 2
FADH2
NADH
NADH
GLYCOLYSIS
OXIDATIVE
PHOSPHORYLATION
(Electron Transport
and Chemiosmosis) 2
Pyruvate
2 Acetyl
CoA
CITRIC ACID
CYCLE
Glucose
 2 ATP
 2 ATP
 about 34 ATP
by substrate-level
phosphorylation
by substrate-level
phosphorylation
by oxidative phosphorylation
Maximum per glucose:
About
38 ATP

17. Fermentation Glucose Glucose 2 NAD+ 2 ADP 2 NAD+ 2 ADP  2 P 2  P
GLYCOLYSIS
GLYCOLYSIS 2
ATP 2
NADH 2
NADH 2
ATP
2 Pyruvate
2 Pyruvate 2
NADH
NADH 2
CO2 2
released
NAD+ 2
NAD+ 2
2 Lactate
2 Ethanol
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcohol fermentation

18. Biosynthesis ATP needed to drive biosynthesis ATP GLUCOSE SYNTHESIS
CITRIC
ACID
CYCLE
Acetyl
CoA
Pyruvate
G3P
Glucose
Amino
groups
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Glycerol
Sugars
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
Cells, tissues, organisms