1. RECONSTRUCTION
u.s. History CHAPTER 17

2. 1. Lincoln and reconstruction
Lincoln’s main vision for Reconstruction was to reunite the nation as quickly and painlessly as possible.

3. 2. Wade-davis bill
The wade-davis bill required that a majority of southern males take an oath of loyalty to the union.

4. 3. 13th amendment
The ratification of the 13th amendment provided African Americans with a future free from slavery.

5. 4. Freedmen’s bureau
The Freedmen’s bureau established more schools and increased efforts to educate freed slaves.

6. 5. Effects of reconstruction
Reconstruction affected the social structure of the South because African Americans began to demand the same economic and political rights as whites.

7. 6. Black codes
Immediately after the civil war, white southern legislators enraged northern congressmen by enacting the “black codes.”

8. 7. Black codes
One restriction placed on African Americans by the black codes was the prevention of African Americans from owning guns.

9. 8. Radical republicans
The primary goal of radical republican legislative reform was to establish equality under the law for freedmen.

10. 9. Radical republicans
The radical republicans believed that southerners should be made to pay for their rebellion.

11. 10. Radical republicans
Southerners believed that southern society was oppressed by radical republican policies.

12. 11. 14th amendment
The 14th amendment reduced the power of state governments by allowing the federal government to restrict the actions of state governments.

13. 12. impeachment
The house of representatives voted to impeach president Johnson because he had fired a cabinet official without senate approval.

14. 13. 15th amendment
Congressional republicans thought that passing the 15th amendment would help protect their reconstruction plan because they believed African Americans would vote to support the plan.

15. 14. 13th, 14th, 15th amendments
These amendments dealt primarily with the rights of formerly enslaved people.

16. 15. carpetbaggers
Northern-born republican officeholders in the south were called “carpetbaggers.”

17. 16. African Americans in politics
The election of Hiram revels during reconstruction confirmed that African Americans could participate fully in political life.

18. 17. Kkk during reconstruction
The ku Klux Klan was created to prevent formerly enslaved persons from exercising their rights.

19. 18. Jim crow laws
Jim crow laws were created to enforce the segregation of African Americans and whites.

20. 19. Plessy v. Ferguson
The verdict in Plessy v. Ferguson legalized segregation as long as “separate but equal” facilities were provided.

21. 20. Sharecropping system
The sharecropping system limited opportunities for African Americans because most sharecroppers lived in a cycle of debt, first buying goods on credit and then failing to make much money selling their crops.

22. 21. Labor unions formed
The goal of the national labor union and the knights of labor was to organize workers to demand better conditions from employers.

23. 22. Industries and cities grow
A movement of people from rural areas to cities resulted from the growth of industry in the north and Midwest following the civil war.

24. 23. Industries and cities grow
Between 1860 and 1890, the number of cities with more than 10,000 people grew rapidly.

25. 24. Moving west
The federal government encouraged the westward settlement of the U.S. by giving cheap land to homesteaders.

26. 25. Homestead act
The homestead act had the greatest impact on western land settlement. This act and the Morrill act encouraged settlement west of the Mississippi river.

27. 26. Transcontinental railroad
With the Transcontinental Railroad connecting the country, trade expanded from the east to the west coast. This created a more unified national economy for sharing resources.

28. 27. Native Americans
After the civil war, the U.s. government believed native Americans needed to move from their tribal lands on to reservations.

29. 28. Dawes act
The goal of the dawes act was to assimilate native Americans into American society.

30. 29. Dawes act
The dawes act was criticized because it forced native Americans to make changes that conflicted with their culture.

31. Study for your test!