1. LEADERSHIP Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division CHAPTER-15
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

2. Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Introduction
Success of a business concern is dependent upon the ability of its leadership. Whenever and in whatever situation if someone tries to influence the behavior of another individual, there is a leadership. It helps to attain the business goals of an organization.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

3. Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Does water flowing in a
distant mountain think
about its distance from
the ocean?
The distance between my
current position and my
desired goals is very big.
But I shall
reach my goals.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

4. Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Definition
Leadership is the ability to awaken in others the desire to follow a common objective.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

5. Importance of Leadership
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Importance of Leadership
Perfect Developing good
organization structure human relation
Promoting the spirit Reconciliation
of coordination of goals
Directing group Source of
activities motivation
Technologies economic
and social changes Better Avoiding Fulfilling social
utilization of imbalance responsibilities
manpower
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

6. Approaches or Theories of Leadership
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Approaches or Theories of Leadership
According to this theory, leadership behaviouris is influenced by certain qualities of a person. A successful leader has the following qualities.
Good Personality
Tirelessness
Ability to take quick decision
Courage to face competitors
Persuasion
Lesson out of experience
Intelligence
Different thinking
Reliability
Physical fitness
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

7. Behavioral approach or theory
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Behavioral approach or theory
This theory had popularity during 1950s. It assumes that people are lazy and irresponsible by nature. So there is need of an instrument to give motivation to workers.
Autocratic, democratic or supervisory styles are some of the leadership styles. Behavioral approach developed these leadership styles which produce different and conflicting results.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

8. Situationalist approach or theory
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Situationalist approach or theory
During 1970s this theory was developed where some traits and behaviours are effective in a particular situation and ineffective in another situation. Situation helps persons to develop their leadership qualities and emerge as leaders
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

9. Follower’s theory or acceptance theory
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Follower’s theory or acceptance theory
Here, only followers decide whether a person is a leader or not. Followers take decision on the quality of the leader who fulfills their needs. Traits and behavior are not considered as essential element of leadership. This is mainly applied in politics.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

10. System theory or a path goal theory
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
System theory or a path goal theory
This is focused on a person’s act rather than his traits or behavior. A leader coordinates the efforts of his followers. This considers all variables like leader, followers, situation, leadership traits, environment goals and group’s nature, characteristics and needs, role behavior of leader. It is also termed as modern theory of leadership.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

11. Functions of Leader Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Taking initiative
Planner
representation
Production
communication
LEADER
Arbitrator and mediator
Encouraging others
Rewards and punishments
Integration
Guide
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

12. Qualities of Leadership
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Qualities of Leadership
Physical appearance and strength
mental vigour
emotional stability
sense of judgment
goodwill
motivation
communication skill
guiding ability
sociability
technical knowledge
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

13. Types of Leadership Autocratic leader Intellectual leader
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Types of Leadership
Autocratic leader
Intellectual leader
Liberal leader
Democratic leader
Institutional leader
Inducing leader
Paternal leader
Creative leader
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

14. Techniques of Leadership
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Techniques of Leadership
Securing cooperation
the use of power
coordination
discipline
morale
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

15. Characteristics of Leadership
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Characteristics of Leadership
There must be followers
working relationship between leader and followers
personal quality
reciprocal relationship
community of interests
guidance
related to a particular situation
hard function
power relationship
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

16. Leadership Styles Positive style Negative style
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Leadership Styles
Positive style
Negative style
Autocratic or authoritarian style
Democratic style
Free-rein style
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

17. Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Positive style
A leader motivates followers to work hard by offering them rewards like bonus and incentives
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

18. Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Negative style
Leader foresees his followers to work hard and penalize them if the work is not up to the standard. This has high human cost. Here everyone tries to shift responsibility over to others.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

19. Autocratic or authoritarian style
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Autocratic or authoritarian style
Advantages:
Leadership style provides strong motivation to followers.
Quick decision is possible.
less talented followers can perform job effectively
Followers do not take any decision
Decision making planning need no initiative
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

20. Autocratic or authoritarian style
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Autocratic or authoritarian style
Disadvantages
Most dislike this style as it takes negative motivation approach.
frustration, low morale and conflict develop easily
New ideas and creative ideas have no scope for application
followers have no opportunity for development
Suitability: It is suitable to where followers are uneducated and unskilled.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

21. Democratic style Advantages
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Democratic style
Advantages
Consultation give satisfaction to the followers
due reorganization is given to the followers
followers are aware of the activities
leader can improve decision making ability
followers get opportunity to show their ability
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

22. Democratic style Disadvantages
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Democratic style
Disadvantages
Taking decision and implementation require more time.
Followers can dominate the leader
leader can easily shift the responsibility to his followers for failure
it requires communicating skill on part of leaders otherwise it may ruin the organization
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

23. Free-rein style Advantages
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Free-rein style
Advantages
Morale and job satisfied of the followers are increased to some extent.
The talent of the followers is properly utilized.
The followers get full opportunity to develop their talents.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum

24. Free-rein style Disadvantage
Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division
Free-rein style
Disadvantage
The leader does not care to motivate his followers.
The contribution of a leader is nothing.
The leader does not support the follower and no guidance is available to the fanner.
We Learn – A Continuous Learning Forum