1. Reproductive System- Female

2. Female Reproductive System
A. Ovaries
B. Duct System
1. Uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)
2. Uterus
3. Vagina
C. External genitalia

3. A. Ovaries
Composed of ovarian follicles (liquid-filled sac-like structures)
Each follicle consists of
Oocyte (immature egg)

4. Support for Ovaries Ligaments
secure ovary to lateral walls of the pelvis
attach ovary to uterus

5. B. Duct System
1. Uterine tubes
(fallopian tubes)
2. Uterus
3. Vagina

6. 1. Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes
Receive the ovulated oocyte
Provide a site for fertilization (egg + sperm)
Attach to the uterus, supported by ligaments

7. Little or no contact between ovaries and uterine tubes
*Fimbriae
Finger-like projections at the distal end of the uterine tube
“Wave” the oocyte in from the ovary

8. In the Fallopian Tubes *Peristalsis *Cilia
Slowly move the oocyte towards the uterus (takes 3–4 days)
Sperm must swim against the cilia
Fertilization occurs inside the uterine tube
Oocytes lives about 24 hours

9. 2. Uterus Located between the urinary bladder and rectum Hollow organ
Functions of the uterus
Prepares for possible pregnancy
Receives a fertilized egg
Retains the fertilized egg
Nourishes the fertilized egg (oxygen and nutrients)

10. Support for the Uterus Ligaments attached to the pelvis
anchored anteriorly
anchored posteriorly
PREWARNING FOR NEXT PHOTO

11. Walls of the Uterus Endometrium Inner layer
Allows for implantation of a fertilized egg
Sloughs off if no pregnancy occurs (menses or menstruation)
Myometrium—middle layer of smooth muscle
Perimetrium (visceral peritoneum)—outermost serous layer of the uterus
(see text for diagram p555)

12. Cervix —narrow outlet of uterus that protrudes into the vagina
distal end of the uterus
Opening for sperm into the uterus
Dilates for childbirth

13. 3. Vagina Tube from cervix to exterior of body
Located between bladder and rectum
Serves as the birth canal
Passage for menses (menstruation)
Receives the penis during sexual intercourse
Hymen— vascular mucosa, partially closes the vagina until it is ruptured

14. 4. External Genitalia (Vulva)
A. Mons pubis
B. Labia
C. Greater vestibular glands
D. Clitoris
E. Orfices

15. A. Mons Pubis B. Labia Fatty area overlying the pubic symphysis
Covered with pubic hair after puberty
B. Labia
Labia majora—hair-covered skin folds
Labia minora—delicate, hair-free folds of skin

16. C. Vestibule and Greater Vestibular Glands
Enclosed by labia majora
Contains external openings of the urethra, vagina
Greater vestibular glands
One is found on each side of the vagina
Secretes lubricant during intercourse

17. D. Clitoris Contains erectile tissue
The clitoris is homologous to the penis:
Hooded by a prepuce
Composed of sensitive erectile tissue
Becomes swollen with blood during sexual excitement

18. E. Orfices
Vaginal orfice
Urethral orfice

19. External Genitalia (Vulva)
Figure 16.9