1. Solutes and Solubility

2. Classification of Matter
Classify according to 4 states of matter
Classify by the units they are made of

3. Elements Matter is made up of atoms
if all atoms in a sample have same identity, that matter is an element.

4. Examples Al Cu Ag

5. Compounds
Made from atoms of 2 or more elements that are combined

6. H2 + O

7. Na + Cl

8. Wrap-up Substance: an element or compound
can’t be reduced to more basic components by physical processes

9. Mixtures
Material made up of 2 or more substances that can be separated by physical means.

10. Each substance in a mixture keeps its own properties and identity

11. NaCl H2O

12. Mixtures cont’d
Don’t always contain the same amounts of the different substances that make them up

13. Heterogeneous mixture
Different materials can be easily distinguished
Not uniformly mixed

14. Examples
Granite
Concrete
Inside of your locker or backpack

15. Solutions Homogeneous mixture
Two or more substances are uniformly spread out

16. Solution particles never settle to bottom of container
Remain constantly and uniformly mixed

17. Solutions
How They Form

18. Solutions
Homogeneous mixture in which particles are evenly distributed throughout
Do not settle, do not disperse light

19. Types of solutions
Solutions are classified as solid, liquid, or gas depending on their final state

20. Solute: substance being dissolved
Solution terms
Solute: substance being dissolved
Solvent: substance dissolving the solute

21. Substance present in largest amt is the solvent
Air: 78% N, 21% O, 1% Ar.
Solvent of air?
Sterling silver: 92.5% Ag, 7.5% Cu. Solvent?

22. Alloy – a soluti0n of a metal and another element (usually another metal)
Ex.: brass (copper and zinc); bronze (copper and tin); cast iron (iron and carbon)