1. Lesson 14 Biology earthquake
By kj akilesh grade

2. introduction
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the perceptible shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can be violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole cities. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time.

3.  Improve your home’s earthquake resilienceEvaluate your home’s earthquake resilience, and improve it through steps such as fastening down furniture and putting anti-shatter coatings on glass windows.
(2) Stockpile water and foodstuffsYou should have at least three days’ worth of drinking water and foodstuffs stockpiled. You should also have radios and flashlights prepared.
(3) Participate in disaster trainingGet to know the people in your community better by getting actively involved in community disaster training.
Precautions

4. How does earthquake occurs??????
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little
How does earthquake occurs??????

5. Seismologists use two main devices to measure an earthquake: a seismograph and a seismoscope. The seismograph is an instrument that measures seismic waves caused by an earthquake. The seismograph has three main devices, the Richter Magnitude Scale, the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, and the Moment-Magnitude Scale
seismometer

6. rom the lifetime of the Greek philosopher Anaxagoras in the 5th century BCE to the 14th century CE, earthquakes were usually attributed to "air (vapors) in the cavities of the Earth."[67] Thales of Miletus, who lived from 625–547 (BCE) was the only documented person who believed that earthquakes were caused by tension between the earth and water.[67] Other theories existed, including the Greek philosopher Anaxamines' (585–526 BCE) beliefs that short incline episodes of dryness and wetness caused seismic activity. The Greek philosopher Democritus (460–371 BCE) blamed water in general for earthquakes.[67] Pliny the Elder called earthquakes "underground thunderstorms."
history

7. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s, is a base-10 logarithmic scale, which defines magnitude as the logarithm of the ratio of the amplitude of the seismic waves to an arbitrary, minor amplitude
Richter scale

8. What we should do during eathquake
If there isn't a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of the building. Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall, such as lighting fixtures or furniture. Stay in bed if you are there when the earthquake strikes
What we should do during eathquake

9. The April 2015 Nepal earthquake (also known as the Gorkha earthquake)[6][9] killed over 8,000 people and injured more than 21,000. It occurred at 11:56 Nepal Standard Time on 25 April, with a magnitude of 7.8Mw[1] or 8.1Ms[2] and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent). Its epicenter was east of the district of Lamjung, and its hypocenter was at a depth of approximately 8.2 km (5.1 mi).[1] It was the worst natural disaster to strike Nepal since the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake.
Earthquake in nepal

10. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake occurred on 26 January, India's 52nd Republic Day, at 08:46 AM IST and lasted for over 2 minutes. Theepicentre was about 9 km south-southwest of the village of Chobari in Bhachau Taluka of kutc District of Gujarat, India.[5] The intraplate earthquake reached 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum felt intensity of X (Intense) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake killed between 13,805 and 20,023 people (including 18 in southeastern Pakistan), injured another 167,000 and destroyed nearly 400,000 homes.[6]
Earthquake in bhuj

11. Earthquake in pakistan
Pakistan is situated at the north western side of the Indian subcontinent and overlaps both with the Indian and theEurasian tectonic plates. Its Sindh and Punjab provinces lie on the northwestern corner of the Indian plate whileBalochistan and most of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate which mainly comprises the Iranian plateau, some parts of the Middle East and Central Asia. Therefore, it has a history of earthquakes. The Northern Areasand Azad Kashmir lie mainly in Central Asia along the edge of the Indian plate and hence are prone to violentearthquakes where the two tectonic plates collide.
Earthquake in pakistan

12. from the lifetime of the Greek philosopher Anaxagoras in the 5th century BCE to the 14th century CE, earthquakes were usually attributed to "air (vapors) in the cavities of the Earth."[67] Thales of Miletus, who lived from 625–547 (BCE) was the only documented person who believed that earthquakes were caused by tension between the earth and water.[67] Other theories existed, including the Greek philosopher Anaxamines' (585–526 BCE) beliefs that short incline episodes of dryness and wetness caused seismic activity. The Greek philosopher Democritus (460–371 BCE) blamed water in general for earthquakes.[67] Pliny the Elder called earthquakes "underground thunderstorms."
conclusion