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Breeds of Future McNuggets
And…Thanksgiving Meals too!
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Objectives Identify the four major classifications of chicken
Arrange the breeds of chickens into their classifications Identify the breeds of chicken and breeds of turkey Differentiate a chicken and a turkey Objectives
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Basic Terms- Chickens Scientific name- Gallus domesticus
Broiler is a meat chicken processed at the age of 7-12 weeks when it reaches 2 ½ to 3 ½ pounds live weight. Fryer is a meat chicken usually marketed at weeks. Chick is a newly hatched or a very young chicken. Cock is a male chicken at least one year of age or older. Hen is a female chicken at least one year of age. Rooster is a male chicken over one year of age. Basic Terms- Chickens
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A class designates a group of breeds developed in a particular geographical area.
There are twelve classes of chickens in the American Standard of Perfection, but today we will be talking about the following four: American Asiatic English Mediterranean What is a class?
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All breeds of chickens in the American Class are bred for both egg and meat production.
The following five breeds have similar characteristics such as yellow skin and shanks, red ear lobes, and non-feathered shanks. All American class breeds produce brown-shelled eggs. American Class
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White Plymouth Rock Origin: America Plumage Color: White
Egg Color: Brown Oldest and most popular of American breeds White Plymouth Rock
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New Hampshire Origin: America Plumage Color: Light Red
Egg Color: Brown Developed from the Rhode Island Red New Hampshire
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Jersey Black Giant Origin: America Plumage Color: Black
Egg Color: Brown Largest of the American breeds Jersey Black Giant
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Rhode Island Red Origin: America Plumage Color: Red Egg Color: Brown
Noted for bright red plumage and being a fanciers breed Rhode Island Red
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White Wyandottes Origin: America Plumage Color: White Egg Color: Brown
There are several types and variety, but white is the only one raised in sufficient numbers to be considered by the poultry industry. White Wyandottes
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The following breeds were used to develop breeds of American and English classes
They are not as popular as purebreds today. They are characterized by large bodies, heavy bones, and feathered shanks. Each has yellow skin, red ear lobes, and lays brown-shelled eggs. Asiatic Class
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Light Brahma Origin: Asia
Plumage Color: White body, Black hackles, White edging Egg Color: Brown Characterized by comb and massive appearance Light Brahma
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Buff Cochin Origin: Asia Plumage Color: Buff, Black, White
Egg Color: Brown Noted for loose feathering. Feathered shanks, yellow skin, and simple comb. Buff Cochin
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Black Langshan Origin: Asia Plumage Color: Greenish Black
Egg Color: Brown Originated in China and imported to England. Moderately feathered shanks. Smaller than most Asian breeds. Black Langshan
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English Class Largely bred and produced for their meat qualities.
Seven breeds of the English class are known for their size and fleshing properties but only three breeds are of economic importance in the U.S. All English breeds have white skin except the Cornish, which has yellow skin. The following breeds lay brown-shelled eggs English Class
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Buff Orpington Origin: England
Plumage Color: Buff, Black, White, and Blue Egg Color: Brown This breed is low set and heavy boned Buff Orpington
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Dark Cornishes Origin: England
Plumage Color: Greenish Black to Reddish Mahogany Egg Color: Brown Popular in producing broiler crosses. Noted for a deep broad breast. Dark Cornishes
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These breeds are smaller in size than the previous three classes discussed.
All birds in these classes are characterized by white ear lobes, large combs, and clean (non-feathered) legs They are early-maturing and lay white shelled eggs Are non-broody, but exhibit nervous disposition These breeds are mainly raised for their egg production The following three breeds are considered to be the most popular of the Mediterranean class Mediterranean Class
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Ancona Origin: Mediterranean
Plumage Color: Greenish Black, some white tipped feathers Egg Color: White Resembles the leghorn in size and conformation but not in color Ancona
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White Leghorns Origin: Mediterranean Plumage Color: White
Egg Color: White Most popular of all the U.S. breeds White Leghorns
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White Minorca Origin: Mediterranean Plumage Color: White
Egg Color: White Largest in size of the Mediterranean breeds. White Minorca
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Turkeys
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Basic Terms Scientific name- Meleagris gallopavo
Hen is a female turkey. Old hen is a female turkey over one year of age. Old tom is a male turkey over 1 year of age. Poult is a young domestic (not wild) turkey. Tom is a male turkey. Young hen is a female turkey under 1 year of age. Young tom is a male turkey under 1 year of age Basic Terms
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Broad-Breasted Bronzes
Origin: United States Plumage Color: Black with shade of bronze copper, red, and green Noted for black plumage with shades of bronze copper, red, and green. Well flocked carcass. Broad-Breasted Bronzes
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White Hollands Origin: Europe Plumage Color: White
White plumage color, noted in heavy market class. White Hollands
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Beltsville Small Origin: United States Plumage Color: Pure White
Developed by the U.S.D.A. Beltsville Small
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Bourbon Reds Origin: Kentucky
Plumage Color: Chestnut, Mahogany with other Black and White markings Distinct color pattern Bourbon Reds
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Thanksgiving Day Turkey
Origin: United States Color: A nice golden tint to it The Thanksgiving Turkey makes a yearly appearance on Thanksgiving day! He is usually accompanied by mashed potatoes; green bean casserole; gravy; and rolls Thanksgiving Day Turkey
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