1. Repository Software - Standards
Marc Goovaerts, Hasselt University Library
OceanTeacher Academy Training Course
Development and Management of e-Repositories
8 – 12 April 2013

2. Overview Metadata standards Authority Control Exchange standards
Ontologies – vocabularies
Unique identifiers
Exchange standards
Z39-50 – SRU/SRW
OAI – OAI/ORE
SWORD

3. 1. Metadata standards

4. Metadata The word "metadata" means "data about data".
Metadata articulates a context for objects of interest -- "resources" such as MP3 files, library books, or satellite images -- in the form of "resource descriptions".
As a tradition, resource description dates back to the earliest archives and library catalogs.
The modern "metadata" field that gave rise to Dublin Core and other recent standards emerged with the Web revolution of the mid-1990s.

5. Library standards MARC – MARC21 – MARC XML MODS:
Developed by Library of Congress and MARC-related
Ex.
XML-based

6. Dublin Core Basic description: 15 fields Refinement: Extensions:
See
Refinement:
Qualified Dublin Core
DC Terms:
Extensions:
Agris AP: Developed by FAO to refine the DC for their agriculture database AGRIS.
VOA3R AP:
Problem: granularity

7. 2. Authority Control

8. Ontologies What? Examples: Description over the web:
Ontology is a way to model knowledge in order to enhance sharing (interoperability)
Ontology = A declarative model of a domain (concepts + their attributes + relationships between them)
Examples:
ASFA -
Agrovoc -
Description over the web:
XML – RDF – OWL/SKOS - SPARQL

9. Unique Identifiers ISSN - ISBN DOI Handle
Digital Object Identifier for electronic object: developed by publishers
Handle
Digital Unique identifier for publications in repositories.
Author ID - Unique researcher identifier
a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers
Web of Science – Scopus
ORCID –
OceanExpert –

10. Unique Identifiers: URI
Linked Open Data: e.g. OceanExpert
linked data describes a method of publishing structured data so that it can be interlinked and become more useful. It builds upon standard Web technologies such as HTTP and URIs, but rather than using them to serve web pages for human readers, it extends them to share information in a way that can be read automatically by computers -
Linked Open Vocabularies -
Oceanographic vocabulary: NERC (

11. 3. Exchange standards

12. Federated search
Client–server protocol for searching and retrieving information from remote computer databases
Z39-50:  
SRU:
Both developed by the Library of Congress

13. Repositories
OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting)
For metadata exchange (DC, MODS, METS)
Standardization of data exchange mostly used by institutional repositories
OAI-ORE (Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse &Exchange)
defines standards for the description and exchange of aggregations of Web resources.
Used to exchange the full document
SWORD
Used for alternative submission for repositories
Ex. SwordShare – Android App to submit photographs in repositories (
OA tegenover OAIster