1. OGC Standards and Activities for SDIs
George Percivall
OGC Chief Architect
Intergraph 2009: Powering the Future Session 5100: Spatial Data Infrastructure: OGC Update and Case Studies 17 June 2009

2. OGC Standards and Activities for SDIs
SDIs, Interoperability and Open Standards
OGC standards for SDIs
INSPIRE and OGC Standards
…and other examples

3. ‘infrastructure for spatial information’ – INSPIRE Directive
Metadata, spatial data sets and spatial data services;
Network services and technologies;
Agreements on sharing, access and use;
and, coordination and monitoring mechanisms, processes and procedures,

4. INSPIRE Definition of Interoperability
“the possibility for spatial data sets to be combined, and for services to interact, without repetitive manual intervention, in such a way that the result is coherent and the added value of the data sets and services”
Institutional
Organizational
Cultural
Legal
Technical

5. Interoperability – You know when you don’t have it…
Custom Integration
High system lifecycle costs
Difficult to rapidly mobilize new capabilities
Duplication of effort, missed opportunities to collaborate
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

6. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
Why Open Standards?
Rapidly mobilize new capabilities – plug and play
Lower systems costs
Encourage market competition
Choose based on functionality desired
Avoid “lock in” to a proprietary architecture
Decisions to share information and services become policy decisions
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

7. resources and supporting
The OGC Vision
A world in which all people and institutions benefit from spatial information
resources and supporting
technology services
OGC CityGML Urban Model of Berlin
Source:
Aeronautical
SkyView2 uses multiple OGC Standards
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

8. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
The OGC Mission
To serve as a global forum for the development, promotion and harmonization of open and freely available geospatial standards …
Natural Resources Canada
Geoportal of the Catalonia SDI
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

9. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
OGC Snapshot
Founded in 1994.
Currently 384 members
Twenty-five adopted standards
Hundreds of product implementations
Four OGC Standards are now also ISO Standards
GeoSciML – GML Application
Schema for the Geology community
Microsoft Terraserver
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

10. Intergraph Products Compliant to OGC Standards
GeoMedia Data Server for Oracle Object Model - Server
Compliant: Simple Features SQL – Binary Geometry, v1.1
GeoMedia Professional - Server and Client
Compliant: SFS(BG) 1.1
Implements: WMS 1.1.1, 1.1 and 1.0, WFS 1.0, GML 2.0
GeoMedia WebMap - Server and Client
Compliant: WMS 1.1.1, WFS 1.0
Implements: WMS 1.1 and 1.0, WFS(T) 1.0, GML and 2.0
GeoMedia WebMap Professional - Server and Client
Compliant: SFS(BG) 1.1, WMS 1.1.1, WFS 1.0
Implements: WMS 1.1 and 1.0, WFS 1.0, WFS(T) 1.0, GML 2.0

11. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.
OGC Web Services (OWS)
Publish, discover, access, fuse and apply geospatial information from multiple sources across the web
Web Map Service (WMS)
Web Feature Service (WFS)
Web Coverage Service (WCS)
Catalogue (CSW)
Geography Markup Language (GML)
Style Layer Descriptor (SLD)
OGC KML
Others…
Most data related to Critical Infrastructure, Emergency Management, Weather, Climate, Defense & Intelligence, business and other activities are geospatial can be managed through OGC web services
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.

12. OGC Sensor Web Enablement
Enables discovery, access and application of real time sensor observations for enhanced situational awareness
Sensor Model Language (SensorML)
Transducer Markup Language (TML)
Observations & Measurements (O&M)
Sensor Planning Service (SPS)
Sensor Observation Service (SOS)
Sensor Alert Service (SAS)
Web Notification Service (WNS)
IEEE (sensor) and OASIS (alert) stds
Quickly discover sensors (secure or public) that can meet my needs – and learn about what they can do (location, observables, quality, ability to task)
Obtain sensor information in a standard encoding that is understandable by the user and by software
Readily access sensor observations in a common manner, and in a form specific to my needs
Task sensors, when possible, to meet my specific needs
Request and receive alerts / notification when a sensor measures a particular phenomenon, or completes a requested task
Information Models and Schema
Sensor Model Language (SensorML) for In-situ and Remote Sensors - Core models and schema for observation processes: support for sensor components, georegistration, response models, post measurement processing
Observations and Measurements (O&M) – Core models and schema for observations
TransducerML – adds system integration and real-time streaming clusters of observations
Web Services
Sensor Observation Service - Access Observations for a sensor or sensor constellation, and optionally, the associated sensor and platform data
Sensor Alert Service – Subscribe to alerts based upon sensor observations
Sensor Planning Service – Request collection feasibility and task sensor system for desired observations
Web Notification Service –Manage message dialogue between client and Web service(s) for long duration (asynchronous) processes
Sensor Registries – Discover sensors and sensor observations
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

13. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
Seamless integration of Building Information Models and Geospatial Information
Urban Planning
Urban Modeling
Microclimate Analysis
Emergency Management and Response
Logistics Flow
Critical Infrastructure Management / Protection
Sustainable Communities
Retail Services
AECOO-1 Testbed focused on Energy and Quantity Takeoff
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

14. Convergance of Geospatial & Engineering Environments 3D City Models (CityGML) – Multifunctional Use
Source: T. H. Kolbe: Standardization of 3D City Models
Urban Planning
Urban Modeling
Microclimate Analysis
Emergency Management and Response
Logistics Flow
Critical Infrastructure Management / Protection
Sustainable Communities
Retail Services

15. OGC Reference Model (ORM) www.opengeospatial.org/standards/orm
What is the purpose of the ORM?
Overview of OGC Standards Baseline
Insight into the current state of the work of the OGC
Basis for coordination and understanding of the OGC documents
Resource for defining architectures for specific applications
Why Read This Document?
Better understand the OGC Standards Baseline
Better understand the ongoing work of the OGC
Gain an understanding necessary to contribute to OGC process
Aid in implementing one or more of the OpenGIS Standards
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

16. OGC-based Policy Positions
European Union INSPIRE Directive emphasizing ISO and OGC standards for improved interoperability
UK Ordnance Survey distributes its MasterMap product using OGC standards.
Canadian, Australian, US, Indian and other national Spatial Data programs recommend OGC standards as best practice for interoperability
US CIA and DHS have adopted OGC as part of their Geospatial Enterprise Architectures.
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

17. Other OGC Based Policy Positions
Defense and Intelligence Community
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
NATO C3
Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

18. INSPIRE Directive
INSPIRE lays down general rules to establish an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe
for the purposes of Community environmental policies and
policies or activities which may have an impact on the environment.
INSPIRE to be based on the infrastructures for spatial information established and operated by the Member States
INSPIRE is a distributed infrastructure.
INSPIRE does not require collection of new spatial data
INSPIRE does not affect existing Intellectual Property Rights
Entry into force 15 May 2007

19. From Commission proposal to Community Directive implementation
Preparatory phase ( )
Co-decision procedure
Start of preparation of Implementing Rules
Transposition phase ( )
Directive entered into force 15 May 2007
INSPIRE Committee starts its activities 26 June 2007
Continuation of preparation of Implementing Rules
Transposition into national legislation 15 May 2009
Adoption of Implementing Rules by Comitology
Implementation phase ( )
Implementation and monitoring of measures 19

20. INSPIRE Technical Architecture - Overview
Network Services DT
INSPIRE Technical Architecture - Overview
Appl. Layer
Application and Geoportals
Service Bus
Service
Layer
Rights Management
Registry Service
Discovery Service
View Service
Download Service
Transf.
Service
InvokeSD Service
Metadata DT
Data Specification DT
Registers
Service
Metadata
Data Set
Metadata
Spatial Data Set
Data
Layer
TWG
TWG
TWG
Thematic DS
Framework for harmonized DS

21. Overview from INSPIRE Technical Guidance
The proposal for INSPIRE Discovery services is:
OGC Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW)
Query language: OGC Filter Encoding
The proposal for INSPIRE View services is:
ISO : WMS (Web Map Service) 1.3
The proposal for INSPIRE Download services should be:
Pre-defined data sets => standard Internet protocols (like FTP)
Direct access data with queries =>
Web Feature Service: OGC WFS / ISO (project)
Filter Encoding: OGC Filter Encoding / ISO (project)
The proposal for INSPIRE Coordinate Transformation service should be:
An Application Profile of the Web Processing service (WPS)
based on the Web Coordinate Transformation Service (WCTS) 2

22. IDEC: Geoportal of the Catalonia SDI
The IDEC Map Server implements WMS, WCS and WFS. The Viewer also supports GML. 22

23. Rheinland-Pfalz Geoportal

25. Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure

26. Geospatial Interoperability Shared Land Information Platform (SLIP)
Landgate, Western Australia Land Agency
Infrastructure Services Planning
Mining
Emergency Management
Community Housing
Commercial Diversity
Permitting
Copyright © 2008, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc., All Rights Reserved. 26

27. GEOSS Common Infrastructure

28. …an Action in Support to the GEOSS, INSPIRE and GMES
Coherent and interoperable development of these initiatives
Concerted adoption of standards, protocols, and open architectures
Recommendations to increase architectural coherence
Strengthened EU contribution to international standardisation
Agenda for further strategic research
© 2009 GIGAS Consortium  

29. OGC Standards and Activities for SDIs
SDIs, Interoperability and Open Standards
OGC standards for SDIs
INSPIRE and OGC Standards
…and other examples

30. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
Questions & Comments
George Percivall
Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

31. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
OGC Public References
Adopted Standards:
Sensor Web Enablement:
OGC Reference Model:
Compliance Testing and Certification
List of Registered Products using OGC Standards:
OGC User – case studies of OGC implementations in the global community
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,

32. Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,
Community References
Geospatial Standards Return on Investment Study:
Geospatial Profile of the Federal Enterprise Architecture
NATO C3 Technical Architecture
Australian Spatial Interoperability Demonstration Project Reference Model
Copyright © 2009, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.,