1. Introduction to Evolution

2. What is evolution? Monkeys to man? Survival of the fittest?
Fish sprouting legs?

3. Evolution is not an “idea” that was made up by scientists!!!!!

4. What is natural selection?
Who survives in the wild, the white or the purple polar bear?
Why?

5. What is evolution?
The basic definition: “A change in a population’s traits over time.”
Genetic change can lead to phenotypic change

6. Why isn’t this evolution?

7. You do not evolve!!!!!
If this isn’t evolution, what is it?

8. Charles Darwin
Studied medicine, but he did not like surgery on people without anesthesia.
Then began studies in the clergy
Set sail on a five-year trip (December 27, 1831)
Wrote on the origin of the species

9. Voyage of the Beagle 1831 to 1836

10. Darwin considered puzzling questions during his voyage:
Why do simple organisms appear
in lower geographic layers?
Why do more complicated fossils
appear in upper layers?

11. Why do “unrelated” species resemble one another?

12. Darwin took detailed notes during the voyage.
Geologic formations
Mountains
Islands
River systems
Strange organisms
Flightless birds
Finches
One month visit to Galapagos islands.
The most famous “stop” on the trip.

13. The Galapagos Finches- animals that are similar but have different looking beaks

14. Ok, so how does evolution work?
Individuals get mutations 

15. Wait! How do you get mutations?

16. You CANNOT wish or hope for a trait! Otherwise….

17. Different phenotypes in population 

18. Those with good phenotype more likely to survive
(wait!!!! What is a ‘good phenotype?’)

20. Those with better adaptations are more likely to pass mutated genes on when they….

21. As a result, more babies are made with that phenotype  population changes

22. Evolution Part 2

23. Have we actually seen evolution?
English peppered moth
Antibiotic resistance

24. There are two types of evolution:
Microevolution: change within a species
Macroevolution: change within a species that leads to formation of a new species

25. What examples do we have of microevolution?

26.
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.

27. What is some evidence for evolution?
There are 5 big pieces of evidence…

28. 1. Fossil Record

29. How it supports
For the most part, the older the fossil, the less they are like the organisms today.

30. Extra Knowledge
There are huge gaps in the fossil records

31. 2. Vestigial Structures
Sometimes organisms have structures that they do not use
This shows us the structures may be left from a previous ancestor

34. 3. Similar Skeleton
Similar organisms have a similar skeleton, which shows they may have come from a common ancestor.

36. 4. Similar DNA
Similar organisms have similar DNA which shows they may have come from a similar organism

39. Extra Knowledge
If organisms need to perform similar functions, then they will need to have similar DNA.
Similar DNA will cause similar development of similar structures.

40. 5. Embryology
Similar organisms have similar development which shows they may have come from a common ancestor.