1. SANA on Occupational and Safety Health
SANA_GEOHealth: the case in Ethiopia
National Workshop 25 July 2013
Ghion Hotel Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Dr Abera Kumie and Prof Jonathan Samet
AAU/USC

2. Methods Situational Analysis Needs Assessment Visits of enterprises
By large literature review (published)
Gray literature: Reports review (gov’t, unpublished)
Needs Assessment
Situational analysis synthesis outcome
Face to face discussion with experts, authorities
MOLSA, BOLSA,
Visits of enterprises

3. SANA_OSH organized Contents of OSH_SANA
Organization of occupational health services
Existing practice of work place safety provisions
Existing practice of workplace hazard prevention
Occupational safety and health information management
Contents of OSH_SANA
Characterizing work place
Characterizing the health effect in occupational settings
Work place exposures
Work place exposures and determinants in Health facilities

4. 1. Type of Work Place and work force: likely under Labour 377/2003
Categories:
Agriculture
Large and medium scale manufacturing
Small Scale enterprise
Informal sector
Work Force
Micro-enterprize- 1,720000
Small scale ,951
Large and
medium scale ,894
Total ,100000
[31.4 mln and more total work force: 89% in Agri]

5. 2. Work place exposure Hazards Work places Cotton dust, heat, noise
Textile factories (Blowing, Carding
Cement dust
Cement factories
Noise, dust, heat, electric
Small scale
Unguarded machines, poor illumination, heat, slippery floor, oil mist, ergonomics
Edible oil
Pesticides
State farm, floriculture
KAP (behavior) Vs Haz signs
Metal factory, migrant workers

6. 3. Health Effects Health Effect Work places Injury (65 to 335/1000)
Textile, large scale, small and medium scale, metal factory, state farm
Hearing loss
Textile factory (spinning, weaving)
Heat, sleeping disorder, noise, dust, poorly organized work place
 Textile factory
Musculoskeletal discord, eye and skin damage
Construction industry
Skin disorders
Floriculture
Respiratory disorders

7. 4. Determinants/ Factors
Work place factors
Poor illumination
Slippery and unleveled floor
Unhygienic work places
Absence of health and safety training
Absence of protective devices
Unguarded machines
Socio-Demographic
Age
Sleeping disorder
Alcohol consumption
Job dissatisfaction
Training

8. 5. Exposure assessment Widely practiced
Walk through inspection (recognizing): identifying qualitatively the hazard
Limited or not at all
Quantifying the hazard is limited
Hazard evaluation is rarely done
Instrumentation use limited
Training gaps exists

9. 6. Occupational safety and health information management
Database for indicators of OSH limited
Weakley established system: data collection, storage, analysis and dissemination
Most manually done, interruption is common
Limited access to information at wider scale

10. 7. OSH Human resource Labour and OSH Personnel
Total 291 for the country
95% found in Addis A+Tigray+Ormoia+Amhara+SNNPR
About 10% had formal on job training on OSH

11. 8. Opportunities -Strengths
Gov’t commitment
Presence of comprehensive Labour proclamation
Commitments/ willingness to improve OSH from higher Authorities
OSH Organization
Provision of Org infrastructures: from Federal to Zonal MOLSA; Factory level
Motivated OSH inspectors (Federal and BOLSA level)

12. 9. OSH Gaps Uncoordinated research not linked to priorities
Inadequate capacity: number of experts, instruments, exposure assessment
Training gaps: formal and on job (degrees, certificates, carrier ladder.
Policy directions: addressing emerging industries, policy at local stakeholder level
Organizational gaps: Ministry, Zone, Wereda; factory level
Poorly organized M & E (OSH Surveillance) : indicators, infrequent data collection, data base, regular dissemination

13. Thank You