1. Persia, India & China Establish Empires

2. Persian Empire Persian Empire:
Built on earlier Central Asian and Mesopotamia Civ
Tolerance of conquered peoples
Development Imperial bureaucracy
New Religion: ZOROASTRAIANISM
One wise god controlled the world and one evil god
Good v.s. Bad
Money Economy
Road System to link the Empire
Construction of road system

3. Persia Empire

4. India
Geography
The physical & location were important to the development of Indian Civilization
Physical Barriers: Himalayas, Hindu Kush,& Indian Ocean made it difficult to invaded
Mountain Passes in the Hindus Kush provided invasion routes into the Indian subcontinent
Indus and Ganges were the most important rivers in the Indian subcontinent.

5. Hindu Kush Mts

6. Himalayas Mtns

7. Indo-Aryan Aryans ( Indo-Aryans) Migrated from Asia Minor
Assertion of dominance in India
Created a rigid caste system (hereditary)
Influenced all social interactions and choices of occupations
Blending of native beliefs

8. Aryan Empire

9. Mauryan Empire 300 B.C.E. to 185 B.C.E.
United most of India
Continued political unification of much of India
Emperor Asoka
Spread Buddhism throughout Asia
Contributions
Spread of Buddhism Free Hospital
Veterinary clinics Good roads

10. Mauryan Empire

11. Gupta Empire 320 B.C.E to 550 (C.E.) AD
The Golden Age of Classical India
Peace and Prosperity
Contributions:
Mathematics: most advance in the world
Modern numbers: zero, decimal system
Astronomy: Helped with trading ships positions
Concept of earth as round
Founded a calendar based on the sun: adopted 7 day week and divided up the day into hours
Medicine: surgery, setting bones plastic surgery,
New Textiles
literature

13. Contributions of India The Spread of Trade
India was rich in precious resources:
Spices, gold, and diamonds
Trade routes:
Silk Road cross Asia into Mediterranean basin
Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean to Arabian
Effects of Indian Trade
Lead to Banking
Spread religions to new regions
Asoka spread Buddhism

15. Hinduism Characteristics:
Caste system in religious law based on occupation
Belief in many forms of one major deity
Reincarnation: cycles of rebirth
Vedas & Upanishads Sacred writings
Spread along major international trade routes
hinduism

16. Hinduism Karma: Knowledge that all thoughts
and actions result in future consequences

17. Buddhism Founder: Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
Buddha “the Enlightened One”
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path to Enlightenment
Reincarnation
Rejected the caste system
***Asoka’s missionaries and their writing spread Buddhism form India to China and other parts of Asia

18. China Why was the Great Wall of China Built? Government:
Migratory invader raided the Chinese settlements form the North.
Built as a line of Defense against Invaders.
Built by Qin Shi Huangdi
Government:
Succession of ruling families (Dynasties)
Chinese rulers were considered divine
Severed under the “MANDATE FROM HEAVEN” as long as their rule was just>**********

19. Great Wall of China

22. Great Wall

24. Contributions Civil Service System Paper Porcelain
Silk: Silk Road facilitate trade and contract with China and other cultures as far away as Rome
Confucianism and Taoism

25. Paper

26. Porcelain

27. Silk

29. Confucianism Contributed to the social order in China
Belief that humans are good, not bad
Respect for elders
Code of politeness, still used in China today
Emphasis on education
Ancestor worship

30. Taoism Formed Chinese Culture and Values Humility
Simple life and inner peace
Harmony and inner peace with nature

31. Others Yin/Yang: represented opposites for Confucianism and Taoism
Chinese forms of Buddhism spread throughout Asia