1. Figurative Language ELACC5RL4: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text.
Gives a meaning that is not exactly that of the words used.
Tries to create a clearer word picture for the reader.

2. Simile- compares two things using like or as
His feet smelled like dead fish.
Paul Bunyan was as big as a tree.

3. Metaphor- makes a comparison by speaking of one thing as if it were another.
The deep lake was a golden mirror reflecting the setting sun.
The clouds were fluffy marshmallows in the sky.

4. Personification- giving human characteristics to non human things
Personification- giving human characteristics to non human things. Objects, ideas, places, or animals maybe given human qualities.
The old tree moaned with pain in the cold wind.
The sun wrapped me in its warmth.

5. Onomatopoeia- often used in poetry
Onomatopoeia- often used in poetry. Writers use words that have a sound like the sound they are trying to convey.
Swish!
Zip!
Buzz!
Thump!
The grandfather clock tick-tocked quietly in the big living room.
Drip Drop! Rain fell from the sky.
Boom! Thunder rumbled in the distance.

6. Hyperbole- an extreme exaggeration used to make a point
I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
I have a million things to do.
I had a ton of homework.
If I can’t buy that new game, I will die.
He is as skinny as a toothpick.
This car goes faster than the speed of light.
That new car costs a bazillion dollars.
That joke is so old, the last time I heard it I was riding on a dinosaur.
They ran like greased lightning.
He's got tons of money.
You could have knocked me over with a feather.
He is older than the hills.

7. Alliteration- used in poetry
Alliteration- used in poetry. Most or all of the words in a sentence begin with the same sound.
The burly brown bear bumped through the blackberry patch.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

8. Idiom- has a different meaning than the dictionary definition.
(To figure out the meaning of an idiom, think about the context and look for clues.)
Reggie was feeling under the weather, so he stayed home from school.
In this sentence, Reggie is not beneath the weather. The idiom “under the weather” means “not feeling well.”

9. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” By Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sound's the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep. And miles to go before I sleep. 
Title are in quotations because it is a poem.

10. Refrains, rhyme schemes, and stanzas
Stanza- A group of lines in a poem
Rhyme scheme- the pattern of lines in a poem (A,B,C,D or A,A,A,A, or A,B,A,B)
Refrain- a line or set of lines that repeats throughout the poem
1. How many stanzas are in the poem?
2. What is the rhyme scheme for the first stanza? Second? Fourth?
3. Does the poem have a refrain? If so, what is it?

11. Consonance-the repetition of consonant sounds either inside the lines of a poem or at the end of a line. 
"Norm, the worm, took the garden by a storm this morn."

12. Assonance- the repetition of rhyming vowel sounds inside the lines of a poem
"Twinkling twilight meets twice at the edge of night"( Long i)
Don't confuse  Assonance with Alliteration.  The   "Tw" in twinkling, twilight, and twice are Alliteration because these sounds are at the beginning of the words.