1. Temperature control
Gr C: Explain why temperature control is important.
Gr B: Analyse methods of thermoregulation.
Gr A: Link thermoregulation to N/F loop
VCOP focus
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
Starter
Grade C Starter: Explain the terms homeostasis and negative feedback loop.
Grade B Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop.
Grade A Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop and give an example of when it happens.

2. Exotherms Endotherms What are humans “exotherms” or “endotherms”?
An exotherm is an organism that relies on its environment to heat it up.
(Cold blooded)
-Reptiles
-Amphibians
Exotherms
Exo  meaning “Outside ”
Therms  meaning “Heat”
An endotherm is an organism that produces heat within its body. (warm blooded)
-Mammals
-Birds
Endotherms
Endo  meaning “Within”
Therms  meaning “Heat”

3. Where is heat lost and gained?
Sticky note
Write down where/how you think heat is gained or lost. Then stick the sticky note onto your partner

4. Radiation-Convection-Radiaton
Where is heat lost and gained?
Sticky note
Heat loss when water evaporates from the lungs and sweat evaporates from the skin
Sticky note
Movement generates heat by respiration and friction within the muscles.
Sticky note
Excretion: Urine and faeces are at body temperature when released. Heat is lost when they are expelled from the body.
Sticky note
Metabolism- many biological reactions within the body, especially respiration, in the liver generate heat.
Sticky note
Radiation-Convection-Radiaton

5. What is Thermoregulation?
Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different.
(Human body temp: 37OC)
What is Thermoregulation?
Enzymes work best at their optimum temperature, and are denatured by wide variations from this.
Why is thermoregulation so important?
Liquids within the body, such as blood, become more viscous(thicker) as temperature falls.
Cell membranes become more fragile as temperature rises. Increase the chances of cell rupture.
Diffusion rates are increased by higher temperatures, and decrease by lower ones.

6. The Perfect Conditions
Key Word Alert!
Hyperthermia-
The condition of having a core body temperature which is greatly above the norm (+3oC)
37oC
The Perfect Conditions
Hypothermia-
The condition of having a core body temperature which is greatly below the norm (-2oC)

7. 5mins Create a leaflet Gr B:
Independent learning task
Create a leaflet
Gr B:
Leaflet explains the impact of high and low temperatures on the body.
Gr C:
Leaflet contains all keys word and definitions learnt so far

8. Temperature control
Gr C: Explain why temperature control is important.
Gr B: Analyse methods of thermoregulation.
Gr A: Link thermoregulation to N/F loop
VCOP focus
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
Starter
Grade C Starter: Explain the terms homeostasis and negative feedback loop.
Grade B Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop.
Grade A Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop and give an example of when it happens.

9. How are temperature changes detected and monitored
How are temperature changes detected and monitored? Temperature receptors in the skin detect changes in the external temperature. They pass this information to the processing centre in the brain, called the hypothalamus. (You must be able to label the parts of the skin)

11. How des your body regulate its temperature?
Brainstorm with your partner methods of regulating the body’s temperature. Think about how it warms up or how it cools back down.
Brainstorming
Activity
How des your body regulate its temperature?

13. Hairs
Pilorelaxation
When hot, the m_____ attached to the skin hair r_______ and the hair lies flat. This allows w____ air to escape easily from the surface of the skin. Removing heat as it leaves.
Piloerection
When the temperature is cold, the muscle c________ and all the hairs stand on end. This t____ air next to the s____ creating an i________layer. The insulating layer prevents heat conduction between the skin and air surrounding it.

14. Sweating and shivering
The “S” reactions
Sweating and shivering
Sweat
When we s_____, water is released from the sweat g____. This sits on the surface of the s___ where it can e________.
As it evaporates it uses e____ from the body to change from a l_____ in to a gas.
This energy is provided by h____, so cooling the body down as the heat energy is used.
Shivering
Shivering is a natural response to being cold. Muscle C______ and R_______ rapidly. As they do this, the inner tissues rub together creating friction. The frictions converts the K______ energy into T______ energy, warming up the organism.

15. Temperature Control TOO COOL!
Look at the pictures showing how your body cools itself and keeps warm. Make 3 points to explain: -What you think blood vessels are doing -How their position changes - Why hairs act differently Stretch: Why do you think our face gets red?
Temperature Control TOO COOL!
Temperature Control TOO HOT!
Keywords: Vasoconstriction, Vasodilatation, evaporation, insulation

16. Temperature control
Gr C: Explain why temperature control is important.
Gr B: Analyse methods of thermoregulation.
Gr A: Link thermoregulation to N/F loop
VCOP focus
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
Starter
Grade C Starter: Explain the terms homeostasis and negative feedback loop.
Grade B Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop.
Grade A Starter: Illustrate a negative feedback loop and give an example of when it happens.

17. How does this decrease body temperature?
What the body does 1) 2) 3)
Detected by 1) 2)
TOO HOT!
How does this decrease body temperature?
Normal temperature
What is this?
Normal temperature
What is this?
How does this increase body temperature?
Students to make their own for
TOO COLD!
What the body does 1) 2) 3)
Detected by 1) 2)

18. 3) Blood vessels constrict Detected by 1) Receptors in skin
What the body does
1) Hairs lie flat
2) We sweat
3) Blood vessels dilate
Detected by
1) Receptors in skin
2) Hypothalamus
TOO HOT!
How does this decrease body temperature? More blood flows to surface  heat lost as radiation
We sweat- it evaporates removing heat
Normal temperature
What is this? 37
Normal temperature
What is this? 37
How does this increase body temperature? Hairs trap air for insulation Muscles contract using energy from respiration for movement and to produce heat Less blood flows near surface
Students to make their own for
TOO COLD!
What the body does
1) Hairs stand on end
2) We shiver
3) Blood vessels constrict
Detected by
1) Receptors in skin
2) Hypothalamus

19. Grade A Task
Draw out the negative feedback loop in your books. Then add information regarding a temperature change in the body.
Ensure you include the stimuli, receptor, the control centre and what effectors can alter the temperature. (and mention Homeostasis)
To get you starter:
Mr Reaney turns the aircon on in his lab. This external environmental factor alters the internal environment………..