1. Chapter 25 Section 3
The War in the pacific

2. War in the Pacific
In first six months after Pearl Harbor, Japan takes over Indies, Guam, Wake Island, Solomon Islands, Aleutian Chain (part of Alsaka), Thailand, Burma, etc
Dec 1941 Japan goes for Philippines, Gen. Douglas MacArthur in charge for US (Allied forces), battle for control of island
March 11, 1942 US forced to give up control of Philippines
Bataan Death March
MacArthur promises to return

3. America Turns to Japan
Begins with the Doolittle Raids led by Lt Colonel James Doolittle
Raids on Tokyo and other Japanese cities with 16 bombers
Begins to life American Spirits
“Tokyo Bombed! Doolittle Do-od It”
Battle of the Coral Sea
The Australian and American endeavor to stop Japanese invasion to Australia
5 day Battle
Completed by aircraft and air craft carriers

4. The Battle of Midway
After Japanese failure towards Australia they turn to Midway Island
Admiral Chester Nimitz was the Naval Commander defending the island
Scout planes found the Japanese fleet after Americans had broken their code
Torpedo planes and Dive bombers surprised the Japanese with an attack
Japanese lost 4 aircraft carriers, cruiser and 250 airplanes
Considered the turning point of the pacific war
Began American island hopping

6. Island Hopping
Allies plan for winning in Pacific is island hopping, go from island to island recapturing from Japan and end up at Japan
Aug 1942, (first battle) at Guadalcanal in Solomon Islands. Marks Japan’s first defeat on land
Oct 1944, Gen. MacArthur return to the Philippines to reclaim for US, Battle of Leyte Gulf, US wins

7. America turns offensive
America lands on Guadalcanal
Became the first Japanese defeat on land
Japanese called it the “Island of Death”
General Macarthur returns to the Philippines and takes it back over as well
Japanese turn to Kamikazes (sank 16, damaging 80)
Battle of the Philippines and the Leyte Golf was lost for Japan

8. Iwo Jima From the Philippines America moved to Iwo Jima
America needed to take Iwo Jima and use it as a base to fly out bombers
Japan heavily defended the island with 20,700 troops
6,000 Americans died taking the island, the greatest number in the Pacific
Only 200 Japanese survived

9. The Battle for Okinawa Okinawa is the Japanese last defense
Japanese ordered 1,900 kamikaze attacks (sunk 30, damaged 300 more, killed 5,000)
Invasion started in April, ending in June
7,600 Americans died
110,000 Japanese died
Prediction of the loss of life if America invaded Japan???????

10. How will the war end The Manhattan Project
Led by J. Robert Oppenheimer
Only 600,000 Americans were involved, kept secret
First test of the bomb was in July 1945 in NM
President Truman decided to drop two bombs, Japanese were warned
First bomb dropped on Hiroshima August 6 “Little Boy”
Second Bomb dropped on Nagasaki August 6 “Fat Man” after refusal to surrender
September 2nd on the U.S.S. Missouri Emperor Hirohito surrenders

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13. After the war Rebuilding begins at the Yalta Conference
Yalta is in the Soviet Union, Stalin, Truman, and Churchill met to talk about Germany
Stalin wants a harsh punishment
Churchill Disagreed
Truman acted as a mediator
He wants to keep Stalin happy
Needs him in the Pacific Theatre
Wants Stalin to join a peace conference (united Nations)
Before the Dropping of the atomic bomb

14. Terms of the Conference
Germany was divided into four areas (one for French, GB, America, and Soviets)
Later to reunite Germany
Stalin would join Pacific Theatre war and United Nations
Stalin also provided for elections in Poland and other Soviet occupied countries

15. Nuremburg Trials Hitler's Death Camps got Germany into trouble
24 surviving Nazi leaders faced trial for crimes against humanity
Included Hitler's most trusted officials, government ministers, military leaders, and industry leaders
12 of the 24 were sentenced to death the rest t prison
200 more Nazis went to trial as well
Trials proved that individuals are as guilty as those who give the orders

16. Action in Japan
Gen. Douglas Macarthur commanded forces to punish the Japanese
7 year occupation
Introduced free market policies
Government changes as well
1,100 were arrested and put to trial, 7 sentenced to death
Others tried for crimes against Pow’s in the islands