1. Capitalism…or Hegemony?
Anti-Globalization
Capitalism…or Hegemony?

2. What is Globalization? Increasing global connectivity.
Integration and interdependence in the economic, social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres.
An umbrella term and is perhaps best understood as a unitary process inclusive of many sub-processes that are increasingly binding people and the biosphere more tightly into one global system.

3. The influence of globalization
Industrial - emergence of worldwide production markets and broader access to a range of goods for consumers and companies.
Financial - emergence of worldwide financial markets and better access to external financing for corporate, national and subnational borrowers.
Economic - realization of a global common market, based on the freedom of exchange of goods and capital.

4. The influence of globalization
Political - Political globalization is the creation of a world government which regulates the relationships among nations and guarantees the rights arising from social and economic globalization.
Social - the achievement of free circulation by people of all nations.
Informational - increase in information flows between geographically remote locations.

5. The influence of globalization
Cultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts; cultural diffusion; "world culture".
Ecological- the advent of global environmental challenges that can not be solved without international cooperation, such as climate change, cross-boundary water and air pollution, over-fishing of the ocean, and the spread of invasive species.

6. Pros and Cons of Globalization
Productivity grows more quickly when countries produce goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage. Living standards can go up faster.
Global competition and cheap imports keep a lid on prices, so inflation is less likely to derail economic growth.
An open economy spurs innovation with fresh ideas from abroad.
Accelerated the development and innovation of technology and communication

7. Pros and Cons of Globalization
Millions of westerners have lost jobs due to imports or production shifts abroad. Most find new jobs that pay less.
Millions of others fear losing their jobs, especially at those companies operating under competitive pressure.
Workers face pay-cut demands from employers, which often threaten to export jobs.
Service and white-collar jobs are increasingly vulnerable to operations moving offshore.
Western employees can lose their comparative advantage when companies build advanced factories in low-wage countries, making them as productive as those at home.

8. What is anti-globalization?
The political attitude of people and organizations that resist certain aspects of globalization.
Social movements
Participants are united in opposition to the political power of large corporations
Self-consciously internationalist, organizing globally and advocating for the cause of oppressed people around the world

9. Some Notable Anti-globalization Protests
J18
June 18, 1999
London, UK; Eugene, Oregon
Seattle/N30
November 30, 1999
5,000 protesters blocked delegates’ entrance to WTO meetings in Seattle
Protesters forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony and lasted the length of the meeting until December 3
Genoa
July 18 – July 20, 2001
Biggest anti-globalization gathering in
history, 250,000 protesters against the G8
meeting in Genoa, Italy
3 dead, hundreds hospitalized

10. Some Notable Anti-globalization Protests (cont.)
Canada G8/G20 Weekend
Between June 25th and 27th, 2010
Canada hosted the G8 and G20 meetings in Huntsville, ON and Downtown Toronto respectively
The meetings signaled the veritable end of the G8 and the newfound supremacy of the G20 as the world’s leading global economic forum
The Toronto Police and G20 organizers collaborated to instill security measures around Toronto that worked, but also offended some people’s definitions of civil liberties and individual freedoms
These measures included a perimeter fence around the site (which included parts of Toronto’s financial district and people’s homes) that necessitated identification to enter
Many major media outlets alleged that the security costs alone approached $1billion

11. Causes of Anti-globalization Movement
Globalization globalizes money and corporations, but not people and unions
Outsourcing and offshoring caused millions of westerns lost jobs or paid less
Fear losing jobs in western countries
Exploitation of the resources in the developing countries by western countries

12. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
Economical
Exploitation of the resources in the third world country
Example of Starbucks Vs. Ethiopian Coffee
Ethiopians demand Starbucks support to trademark 3 of its coffees in US
$4 for a cup of Cappuccino at Starbucks;
$.50, a day income for the
Ethiopian farmer at the coffee
farm

13. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
Cultural
Local or minority culture are facing the fate of disappearing
Western culture invaded into developing countries
Example: McDonalds
More than 100 countries
30,000 restaurants
Serves 50 million people daily

14. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
Environmental
Aggravated pollution, Global warming, losses in biodiversity and species extinction
Average global temperatures are estimated to rise centigrade (33.8 – 38.5 degrees) by 2050
Developed industrial countries export hazardous waste to third world countries
Example: one global
agribusiness firm closed a terminal
in Brazil's Amazon region for
environmentalists

15. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
Women and children
90% of the workers at the
sweatshops are women
Child labor hired by global
companies in developing countries
Example: 14-year-old workers in Nike factories in Indonesia
The Chocolate Industry

16. Why anti-globalization? (cont’d)
Human rights
More and more strict immigration restrictions in developed countries, no free move for labors
In sweatshops in developing countries, harsh working conditions, low pay and overtime working are common
Social
The unequal wealth distribution worldwide
The gap between the developed countries and the third world counties
The gap between
the poor and rich

17. Globalization might be harmful to Developed Countries in the future
China is striving to create global automobile and electronics brands.
India’s skill-intensive service sectors like IT and outsourcing are rising very fast.
Western firms would face unprecedented competition from the two and other developing countries.