1. IMSWT2012 Conference
Ship Fire-fighting System Cascading Failure Analysis Based on Complex Network Theory
Speaker: Hongzhang Jin
Affiliation: Harbin Engineering University
Date: Aug.28th, 2012
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2. Presentation Content 1 2 3 4 5 6 Why This Topic?
The Present Research Situation on Cascading Failure 2
The Network of Ship Fire-fighting System 3
The Model of System Cascading failure 4
The Study of the Case and Show the results 5
Conclusion and some Discussion 6
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3. 1. Why This Topic？
Ship Fire is Always one of the most important Factor threatening Ship Safety, and there will be a large economic loss once ship fire occurring, thus, it is necessary to investigate the cause of occurrence and characteristic of it, then taking positive measures to prevent it
But once Fire Occurring, What can Stop it spreading is the Ship Fire-fighting System which is already installed inside the cabin of the ship beforehand
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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4. 1. Why This Topic？
Nowadays, many literatures concentrate on Ship Fire, and mainly about qualitative research on the cause and countermeasure of ship fire, and quantitative research on the fire brittleness source analysis of one cabin and assessment of cabin fire hazards.
However, research materials on the Ship Fire-fighting System are relatively less, and the relations between cabins are not considered which could cause cascading failure of ship fire-fighting system. Our research considers this situation, and we not only deepened the cascading failure research on the theoretical level compared to our previous achievement, but also made it utile to some extent.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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5. 2. The Present Research Situation on Cascading Failure
1）Complex Network Modeling
● Small-World Network Model ● Scale-Free Network Model
(Watts and Strogatz:1998) (Barabasi and Albert:1999)
2）Cascading Failure Modeling
● Load-Capacity Model : node based, edge based,
mixed (the one used in our paper)
● Binary influence Model
● Sandpile Model, etc…
Application examples:
● Power Grid Model: Dobson OPA (Optimal Power Analysis)
● Congestion Model：Internet network, City Transportation network,
etc…
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6. 3. The Network of Ship Fire-fighting System
1) The modeling Idea
Node: the ship fire-fighting system inside a cabin, which is the cabin is
as a unit modeling as a node
Edge: various connections relating to each pair of cabins, including fire
spreading, energy transferring passages, and etc…
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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7. 3. The Network of Ship Fire-fighting System
2) The Model
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
Figure 1. Topological Structure Network of Kiev Fire-fighting System
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8. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
1) The Description of network Cascading Failure Process
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
Figure 2. the Failure Propagation in the Complex Network
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9. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
The Description of the Graph:
We describe the graph G by the adjacency matrix {eij}, The element eij of this matrix is 0 if there is no edge between node i and node j;
otherwise it is a number in the range (0, 1] that represents the efficiency
of the edge. Initially, for all existing edges, eij(t0) is set equal to 1,
meaning that all the edges are working perfectly.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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10. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
εij: the Most Efficient Path between i and j
Subsequently, we define the efficiency of a path (succession of
consecutive edges) between two nodes as the harmonic composition of
the efficiencies of the component edges. The harmonic composition [1]
of N numbers x1, x2… xN is defined as , and by εij we
indicate the efficiency of the most efficient path between i and j.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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11. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
The starting failure of a node i
With such a definition of efficiency, the starting failure of a node i at
initial time t0 can be simulated by the decrease of its efficiency.
● e’ij(t0 ) = β eij (t0 ) (1)
where 0<β<1 is a constant, and if β is larger, the starting failure of
node i is more serious.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
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12. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
Initial Load Li(t0), Load Li(t0), Capacity Ci
The load Li(t) on node i at time t is the total number of paths passing
through the node i. The capacity Ci of a node i is the maximum load
that the node can handle. In man-made networks, the capacity is
severely limited by cost. Thus, it is natural to assume that the capacity Ci
of node i is proportional to its initial load Li(t0).
● Ci = (1 + α ) Li (t0 ) i=1,2,…N, (2)
where the constant α>0 is the tolerance parameter and N is the total
number of nodes.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

13. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
Dynamical Efficiency Model:
the failure of a node i reduce the efficiency of all the edges passing through it at time t. Such degradation can modify the most efficient paths, redistribute the load on the network, and consequently cause new nodes to fails. At each time t, the degradation of performance is represented by the following dynamical model:
● (3)
where j extends to all the first neighbors of i.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

14. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
Average Efficiency E:
During the process of cascading failure, we use the concept of average
efficiency E of the network as a measure of the performance of a system at a given time.
● (4)
where εij is the efficiency of the most efficient path between node i and node j.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

15. 4. The Model of System Cascading failure
2) The Introduction of Cascading Failure Model
Average Efficiency E:
● (4)
Obviously, the E would be reduced if a failure of a node causes the cascade
failure. Therefore, we can identify the crucial node by the degradation
of efficiency E. If the failure of a node brings about a large degradation of
E, the corresponding node will be an important node of system.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

16. 5. The Study of the Case（Kiev aircraft）and Show the results
1) The figure of the Initial Load
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
Figure 3. Initial Load Distribution of Nodes
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17. 5. The Study of the Case（Kiev aircraft）and Show the results
2) The figure of the Efficiency of the network
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
Figure 4. Efficiency of the Kiev Fire-fighting System Network after failure
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18. 6. Conclusion and some Discussion
There would be a great danger once the cabin not only lied in the crucial position but also contained large fire load.
However, our model is extensible, which the functional relations among cabins can be also added in, such as the function of the engine room, the power stations, and the magazines, etc….
Finally, various kinds of relations can be added in the model proposed in this paper considering different situations.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

19. Reference:
[1] V. Latora, M. Marchiori. Efficient Behavior of Small-World Networks. Physical Review Letters, vol. 87, no.19, 2001, pp / /4.
Script: Seamless Innovation is ultimately measured by the business results it enables. Clear examples of BEA’s forward thinking can be seen in many areas including: Edge Computing, Converged Communications and Real-time deterministic transaction oriented systems. Its about aiming our technology to solve real world business problems. For example real-time services in Financial Services community, next generation IP based converged communication in telecommunications or RFID based edge computing for supply chain management
Notes:
Edge Computing – Creating the leading J2EE infrastructure designed to take advantage of the real-time picture of a companies supply-chain through RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
Converged Communications _ The first SIP enabled internet communication platform which enables carriers and enterprise to converge traditional IT with telecommunication services to deliver next generation of advanced IP based services
Real-Time Transactions – The first J2EE platform to deliver deterministic response time that can be measured in the milliseconds. Necessary for applications where response time must be guaranteed such as the worlds banking trading systems.
BEA Confidential

20. Thank you ！
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