1. Introduction Cross-cultural Communication
The greatest distance between people is not ______ but _____
culture
space
When we stop communicating, we die ,not in body but in spirit.

2. Classroom activities
Case study
Group discussion
Team presentation

3. The aim of the course
To appreciate and evaluate different cultural systems in order to communicate successfully
To avoid cultural misunderstandings
to enhance of students’ cultural awareness

4. Study area Verbal Language (word, thought patterns,...)
Nonverbal language
(body language, time concept, spatial language, paralanguage, environment…)
Social perception
(values, beliefs, attitudes, world views…)

5. Unit one
Communication
Intercultural communication

6. Communication
Study the following counication situation, and try to identify types of communication.
1. A speaker deliver a speech to a large gathering.
2. You complain to your instructor about your course credit through telephone.
3. A farmer give intructions to his plough working cow.
4.A programmer issues commands to a computer.
5. A hen cluck to her chicks.
6. My washing machine receives commands from the built in computer.

7. Types of communication
Human communication
Animal communication
Human-animal communication
Human-machine communication
Machine-machine communication
We can see the communication occurs when
1. there are usually two or more communicators.
2.there must be some contact between communicators.
3 there are must be a language shared by communicators
4.an exchange of information has taken place.

8. Types of Human Communication
Interpersonal Communication
Intrapersonal Communication (Within)
Mass Communication
Group Communication
Public Communication
Business Communication
Intra-cultural Communication
Intercultural/International Communication

9. Eight Ingredients of Communication
Source 信息源
Encoding 编码
Message 信息
Channel渠道
Responder 接收方
Decoding 译码
Response反应
Feedback 反馈
Eigh ingredient involves the process of communication
Somebody talks
Somebody else listens
There is a mechanism that carries the message from one person to another

10. The process of communication
It involves a sender who encodes a message and a receiver who decodes the message

11. The process of communication

12. Communication :
Encoding and decoding are of great significance to successful communication.
eg.1. liam ru 4 skt
2.“You’re a sexy girl.”
Tks 4 ur mail

13. Communication
Listen to a story of Litz, a Finnish and her Chinese husband
Here is the conversation:
Litz: Dick, how long is your mum going to stay?
Dick: I don’t know. I haven’t asked her.
Litz: Why not ask her?
Dick: What do you mean by asking her?
Litz: I mean what I said. Just ask her how long she’s going to stay.
Can you diagnose Litz’ problem?
Litz’ encoding:
Dick’s decoding:

14. What is Intercultural Communication?
Communication between any two persons
family/education/environment background
Communication between people from different cultures (nations)
What is more important for effective intercultural communication?
Language?
Or Culture?
Why different people have different view?
If we observe a picture from different angles, we see different things. Similarly, when we look at a problem or an event, people from different cultures may have different opinions. When people with different cultural backgrounds communicate with each other, problems may arise and misunderstandings may occur.
The greatest distance between people is not ___ but _____

15. Intercultural communication
Intercultural communication was originated from USA in the late 1970s an interdisciplinary subject (anthropology, psychology, sociology, linguistics, philosophy, semiotics etc.)
跨学科， 人类学，心理学，社会学，语言学，哲学，符号学

16. Model of intercultural communication

17. Case study

18. Case study

19. Case study: First offer
A Canadian colleague and I traveled to Guilin with our admirable guide Liu in very hot weather. Sightseeing is a thirsty business. We did not trust the water, and enjoyed excellent beer. We politely offered some to Liu but he refused. We said nothing and drank our beer. On another day, Liu quickly accepted our offer of beer. He in fact liked the beer.
Please explain Liu’s behavior from the cultural perceptive.
In Chinese culture it is not polite to accept on the first offer. Chinese customs show that Liu was modest, polite and well-behaved and had intention of accepting the beer at the second or third offer. But he didn’t understand North American rules, which firmly say that you do not push alcoholic beverages on anyone. You do not insist on offering alcohol.
酒桌文化

20. Case analysis
In Chinese culture it is not polite to accept on the first offer.
Chinese customs show that Liu was modest, polite and well-behaved and had intention of accepting the beer at the second or third offer.
But he didn’t understand North American rules, which firmly say that you do not push alcoholic beverages on anyone. You do not insist on offering alcohol.
In your daily life, do you often accept first offer? If yes, in what situation?

21. Tips for Intercultural Communication
Treat others the way they want to be treated;
be aware of and sensitive to other cultures
Maintain an open mind:
Don’t rush to judgment;
things are not always the way they seem
Put yourself in other people’s shoes!

22. The Joy Luck Club
The Joy Luck Club was based on the novel written by Amy Tan.
It is a story about love and conflicts between four daughters and their mothers.
Watch the film,and find out their conflicts caused by culture barriers and how they resolved them.
Most films these days are easy to describe because they fit into types such as love stories or thrilliers. But The Joy Luck Club, which was based on the novel written by Amy Tan, is different. It is a story about love and conflicts between four daughters and their mothers.

23. The Joy Luck Club
The story is set in San Francisco in the recent past .It shows us the lives of four Chinese women who were new immigrants to Sanfrancisco during the 1950s. The four women acquaint themselves with each other by playing mahjong. They became closed friends because they had similar experiences and they called themselves the Joy Luck Club. As a mother, each of them has a lot of problems with their daughter.

24. The Joy Luck Club
Obviously, the conflicts are caused by mothers’ and daughters’ generation gaps and growing backgrounds. The mothers grew up in China where  there are many traditions and rules to follow. However, the daughters grew up in San Francisco and live in an American way. When their daughters grow up, they are expected to marry people that their mothers know and agree to.
In this movie, the tender and complicated love between mothers and daughters certainly impressed us a lot.