1. Happy Wednesday, 2/3/16
Today you will need: Writing Utensil, Bellwork Sheet, Journal.
Journals: Set up a New Page for Cornell Notes
On Your Bellwork Sheet:
Monday write “TEST”
Tuesday write “HIV Lab”
Today: Write at least 30 words on the topic.
What do you know about viruses? What is a virus? How do viruses make us sick? How are viral infections treated? Can viral infections be prevented?

2. Set up today’s page in your journal…
Date:
Title: Viral Structure
Essential Question: How does the structure of a virus compare to a cell?
YES - Cornell notes, please!

3. BIO.4C
The student will:
compare the structures of viruses to cells,
describe viral reproduction
describe the role of viruses in causing diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza.

4. Our new unit: Viruses

5. Cellular Organisms vs Acellular Particles
If a cell was the size of our classroom, then an average virus would be the size of a softball.
Eukaryotic Cell
A virus’s size helps it to reproduce. We’ll talk about this tomorrow.
Virus
Prokaryotic Cell
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Viruses
Eukaryotic Nucleus
1 ųm (1000 nm)

6. Viral Size

7. Viral components Capsid Genetic material Envelope Spikes
Made of proteins
Surrounds the core
Genetic material
DNA or RNA
Inside the capsid
Envelope
Made of lipids (like cell membranes!)
ONLY ON SOME VIRUSES
Spikes
Made of glycoproteins
Used to attach to cells
ONLY ON VIRUSES WITH ENVELOPES

8. Viruses can be… Naked viruses Lack (don’t have) envelopes OR…
Enveloped viruses have envelopes
So, based on what we see here. What are some differences we see between viruses and cells?

9. Draw and Label these in your notes!
DNA
RNA
CAPSID
RNA
CAPSID
CAPSID
ENVELOPE
Draw and Label these in your notes!

11. Specificity: viruses are highly specific to the cells they infect
Specificity: viruses are highly specific to the cells they infect Examples: 1) plant viruses infect plant cells 2) animal viruses infect only certain related species of animals 3) bacterial viruses (bacteriophage) infect only certain types of bacteria.
So, what about zombies?

12. Write this on your notes!
- Retroviruses: contain RNA instead of DNA. The RNA is copied backward, from RNA to DNA. - HIV is a retrovirus you will need to know.
AZT is a medication used to treat HIV by stopping an enzyme called reverse transcriptase
Write this on your notes!

13. Think-Pair-Share
Are viruses alive?
(Justify your answer)

14. Viruses are parasites (use other organisms to grow and reproduce)
Viruses are parasites (use other organisms to grow and reproduce) Viruses are NOT alive because they do not: a) grow and develop b) obtain and use energy (metabolism) c) respond to the environment d) consist of cells

15. Build one of these at your table
DNA
RNA
CAPSID
RNA
CAPSID
CAPSID
ENVELOPE

16. For the rest of today…
Work on your project

17. Vaccines. 1. Viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics. 2
Vaccines 1. Viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics. 2. Vaccines are the best way to protect against viruses a) A vaccine is a dead or weakened version of a virus b) Vaccines provide protection only if they are used before an infection begins.

18. Most viruses are not harmful to humans. 1
Most viruses are not harmful to humans. 1. A pathogen is a disease-causing agent. 2. Viruses cause disease by disrupting the body’s normal equilibrium or homeostasis. 3. Viruses attack and destroy certain cells in the body, causing the symptoms of the disease.