1. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice
1. What area of physics deals with the subjects
of heat and temperature?
A. mechanics
B. thermodynamics
C. electrodynamics
D. quantum mechanics

2. Chapter 1 Multiple Choice
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice
1. What area of physics deals with the subjects
of heat and temperature?
A. mechanics
B. thermodynamics
C. electrodynamics
D. quantum mechanics

3. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
2. What area of physics deals with the behavior of
subatomic particles?
F. mechanics
G. thermodynamics
H. electrodynamics
J. quantum mechanics

4. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
2. What area of physics deals with the behavior of
subatomic particles?
F. mechanics
G. thermodynamics
H. electrodynamics
J. quantum mechanics

5. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
3. What term describes a set of particles or interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study?
A. system
B. model
C. hypothesis
D. controlled experiment

6. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
3. What term describes a set of particles or interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study?
A. system
B. model
C. hypothesis
D. controlled experiment

7. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the SI base unit for length?
F. inch
G. foot
H. meter
J. kilometer

8. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the SI base unit for length?
F. inch
G. foot
H. meter
J. kilometer

9. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
5. A light-year (ly) is a unit of distance defined as the distance light travels in one year.Numerically, 1 ly = km. How many meters are in a light-year?
A. 9.5  1010 m
B. 9.5  1012 m
C. 9.5  1015 m
D. 9.5  1018 m

10. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
5. A light-year (ly) is a unit of distance defined as the distance light travels in one year.Numerically, 1 ly = km. How many meters are in a light-year?
A. 9.5  1010 m
B. 9.5  1012 m
C. 9.5  1015 m
D. 9.5  1018 m

11. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
6. If you do not keep your line of sight directly over a length measurement, how will your measurement most likely be affected?
F. Your measurement will be less precise.
G. Your measurement will be less accurate.
H. Your measurement will have fewer significant figures.
J. Your measurement will suffer from instrument error.

12. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
6. If you do not keep your line of sight directly over a length measurement, how will your measurement most likely be affected?
F. Your measurement will be less precise.
G. Your measurement will be less accurate.
H. Your measurement will have fewer significant figures.
J. Your measurement will suffer from instrument error.

13. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. If you measured the length of a pencil by using the meterstick shown in the figure and you report your measurement in centimeters, how many significant figures should your reported measurement have?
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four

14. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. If you measured the length of a pencil by using the meterstick shown in the figure and you report your measurement in centimeters, how many significant figures should your reported measurement have?
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four

15. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
8. A room is measured to be 3.6 m by 5.8 m.What is the area of the room? (Keep significant figures in mind.)
F m2
G. 2  101 m2
H. 2.0  101 m2
J. 21 m2

16. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
8. A room is measured to be 3.6 m by 5.8 m.What is the area of the room? (Keep significant figures in mind.)
F m2
G. 2  101 m2
H. 2.0  101 m2
J. 21 m2

17. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
9. What technique can help you determine the power of 10 closest to the actual numerical value of a quantity?
A. rounding
B. order-of-magnitude estimation
C. dimensional analysis
D. graphical analysis

18. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
9. What technique can help you determine the power of 10 closest to the actual numerical value of a quantity?
A. rounding
B. order-of-magnitude estimation
C. dimensional analysis
D. graphical analysis

19. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
10. Which of the following statements is true of any valid physical equation?
F. Both sides have the same dimensions.
G. Both sides have the same variables.
H. There are variables but no numbers.
J. There are numbers but no variables.

20. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
10. Which of the following statements is true of any valid physical equation?
F. Both sides have the same dimensions.
G. Both sides have the same variables.
H. There are variables but no numbers.
J. There are numbers but no variables.

21. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
The graph shows the relationship between time and distance for a ball dropped vertically from rest. Use the graph to answer questions 11–12.
11. About how far has the ball fallen after 0.20 s?
A cm
B cm
C cm
D cm

22. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
The graph shows the relationship between time and distance for a ball dropped vertically from rest. Use the graph to answer questions 11–12.
11. About how far has the ball fallen after 0.20 s?
A cm
B cm
C cm
D cm

23. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
12. Which statement best describes the relationship
between the variables?
F. For equal time intervals, the change in position is increasing.
G. For equal time intervals, the change in position is decreasing.
H. For equal time intervals, the change in position is constant.
J. There is no clear relationship between time and change in position.

24. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
12. Which statement best describes the relationship
between the variables?
F. For equal time intervals, the change in position is increasing.
G. For equal time intervals, the change in position is decreasing.
H. For equal time intervals, the change in position is constant.
J. There is no clear relationship between time and change in position.

25. Chapter 1 Short Response
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response
13. Determine the number of significant figures
in each of the following measurements.
A kg
B g
C m
D  103 m

26. Chapter 1 Short Response
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response
13. Determine the number of significant figures
in each of the following measurements.
A kg
B g
C m
D  103 m
Answers:
A. 2; B. 3; C. 3; D. 4

27. Short Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
14. Calculate the following sum, and express the answer in meters. Follow the rules for significant figures.
( km) + (1024 m) + (3.0  102 cm)

28. Short Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
14. Calculate the following sum, and express the answer in meters. Follow the rules for significant figures.
( km) + (1024 m) + (3.0  102 cm)
Answer: m

29. Short Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
15. Demonstrate how dimensional analysis can be used to find the dimensions that result from dividing distance by speed.

30. Short Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
15. Demonstrate how dimensional analysis can be used to find the dimensions that result from dividing distance by speed.
Answer:

31. Chapter 1 Extended Response
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response
16. You have decided to test the effects of four different garden fertilizers by applying them to four separate rows of vegetables. What factors should you control? How could you measure the results?

32. Chapter 1 Extended Response
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response
16. You have decided to test the effects of four different garden fertilizers by applying them to four separate rows of vegetables. What factors should you control? How could you measure the results?
Sample answer: Because the type of fertilizer is the variable being tested, all other factors should be controlled, including the type of vegetable, the amount of water, and the amount of sunshine. A fifth row with no fertilizer could be used as the control group. Results could be measured by size, quantity, appearance, and taste.

33. Extended Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response, continued
17. In a paragraph, describe how you could estimate the number of blades of grass on a football field.

34. Extended Response, continued
Chapter 1
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response, continued
17. In a paragraph, describe how you could estimate the number of blades of grass on a football field.
Answer: Paragraphs should describe a process similar to the following: First, you could count the number of blades of grass in a small area, such as a 10 cm by 10 cm square. You would round this to the nearest order of magnitude, then multiply by the number of such squares along the length of the field, and then multiply again by the approximate number of such squares along the width of the field.

35. Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
1. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive velocity?
A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

36. Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
1. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive velocity?
A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

37. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
2. Which graph represents an object at rest?
F. I H. III
G. II J. IV

38. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
2. Which graph represents an object at rest?
F. I H. III
G. II J. IV

39. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
3. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive acceleration?
A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

40. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the graphs to answer questions 1–3.
3. Which graph represents an object moving with a constant positive acceleration?
A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

41. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. A bus travels from El Paso, Texas, to Chihuahua, Mexico, in 5.2 h with an average velocity of 73 km/h to the south.What is the bus’s displacement?
F. 73 km to the south
G. 370 km to the south
H. 380 km to the south
J. 14 km/h to the south

42. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
4. A bus travels from El Paso, Texas, to Chihuahua, Mexico, in 5.2 h with an average velocity of 73 km/h to the south.What is the bus’s displacement?
F. 73 km to the south
G. 370 km to the south
H. 380 km to the south
J. 14 km/h to the south

43. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the position-time graph of a squirrel
running along a clothesline to answer questions 5–6.
5. What is the squirrel’s displacement at time t = 3.0 s?
A. –6.0 m
B. –2.0 m
C m
D m

44. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the position-time graph of a squirrel
running along a clothesline to answer questions 5–6.
5. What is the squirrel’s displacement at time t = 3.0 s?
A. –6.0 m
B. –2.0 m
C m
D m

45. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the position-time graph of a squirrel
running along a clothesline to answer questions 5–6.
6. What is the squirrel’s average velocity during the time interval between 0.0 s and 3.0 s?
F. –2.0 m/s
G. –0.67 m/s
H. 0.0 m/s
J m/s

46. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
Use the position-time graph of a squirrel
running along a clothesline to answer questions 5–6.
6. What is the squirrel’s average velocity during the time interval between 0.0 s and 3.0 s?
F. –2.0 m/s
G. –0.67 m/s
H. 0.0 m/s
J m/s

47. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. Which of the following statements is true of acceleration?
A. Acceleration always has the same sign as displacement.
B. Acceleration always has the same sign as velocity.
C. The sign of acceleration depends on both the direction of motion and how the velocity is changing.
D. Acceleration always has a positive sign.

48. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
7. Which of the following statements is true of acceleration?
A. Acceleration always has the same sign as displacement.
B. Acceleration always has the same sign as velocity.
C. The sign of acceleration depends on both the direction of motion and how the velocity is changing.
D. Acceleration always has a positive sign.

49. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
8. A ball initially at rest rolls down a hill and has an acceleration of 3.3 m/s2. If it accelerates for 7.5 s, how far will it move during this time?
F. 12 m
G. 93 m
H. 120 m
J. 190 m

50. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
8. A ball initially at rest rolls down a hill and has an acceleration of 3.3 m/s2. If it accelerates for 7.5 s, how far will it move during this time?
F. 12 m
G. 93 m
H. 120 m
J. 190 m

51. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
9. Which of the following statements is true for a ball thrown vertically upward?
A. The ball has a negative acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
B. The ball has a positive acceleration on the way up and a negative acceleration on the way down.
C. The ball has zero acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
D. The ball has a constant acceleration throughout its flight.

52. Multiple Choice, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Multiple Choice, continued
9. Which of the following statements is true for a ball thrown vertically upward?
A. The ball has a negative acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
B. The ball has a positive acceleration on the way up and a negative acceleration on the way down.
C. The ball has zero acceleration on the way up and a positive acceleration on the way down.
D. The ball has a constant acceleration throughout its flight.

53. Chapter 2 Short Response
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response
10. In one or two sentences, explain the difference
between displacement and distance traveled.

54. Chapter 2 Short Response
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response
10. In one or two sentences, explain the difference
between displacement and distance traveled.
Answer:
Displacement measures only the net change in position from starting point to end point. The distance traveled is the total length of the path followed from starting point to end point and may be greater than or equal to the displacement.

55. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
11. The graph shows the position of a runner at different times during a run. Use the graph to determine the runner’s displacement and average velocity:
a. for the time interval from
t = 0.0 min to t = 10.0 min
b. for the time interval from
t = 10.0 min to t = 20.0 min
c. for the time interval from
t = 20.0 min to t = 30.0 min
d. for the entire run

56. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
11. The graph shows the position of a runner at different times during a run. Use the graph to determine the runner’s displacement and average velocity. Answers will vary but should be approximately as follows:
a. for t = 0.0 min to t = 10.0 min
Answer: m, +4.0 m/s
b. for t = 10.0 min to t = 20.0 min
Answer: m, +2.5 m/s
c. for t = 20.0 min to t = 30.0 min
Answer: +900 m, +2 m/s
d. for the entire run
Answer: m, +2.7 m/s

57. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
12. For an object moving with constant negative acceleration, draw the following:
a. a graph of position vs. time
b. a graph of velocity vs. time
For both graphs, assume the object starts with a positive velocity and a positive displacement from the origin.

58. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
12. For an object moving with constant negative acceleration, draw the following:
a. a graph of position vs. time
b. a graph of velocity vs. time
For both graphs, assume the object starts with a positive velocity and a positive displacement from the origin.
Answers:

59. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
13. A snowmobile travels in a straight line. The snowmobile’s initial velocity is +3.0 m/s.
a. If the snowmobile accelerates at a rate of m/s2 for 7.0 s, what is its final velocity?
b. If the snowmobile accelerates at the rate of –0.60 m/s2 from its initial velocity of +3.0 m/s, how long will it take to reach a complete stop?

60. Short Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Short Response, continued
13. A snowmobile travels in a straight line. The snowmobile’s initial velocity is +3.0 m/s.
a. If the snowmobile accelerates at a rate of m/s2 for 7.0 s, what is its final velocity?
b. If the snowmobile accelerates at the rate of –0.60 m/s2 from its initial velocity of +3.0 m/s, how long will it take to reach a complete stop?
Answers: a m/s
b. 5.0 s

61. Chapter 2 Extended Response
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response
14. A car moving eastward along a straight road increases its speed uniformly from 16 m/s to 32 m/s in 10.0 s.
a. What is the car’s average acceleration?
b. What is the car’s average velocity?
c. How far did the car move while accelerating?
Show all of your work for these calculations.

62. Chapter 2 Extended Response
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response
14. A car moving eastward along a straight road increases its speed uniformly from 16 m/s to 32 m/s in 10.0 s.
a. What is the car’s average acceleration?
b. What is the car’s average velocity?
c. How far did the car move while accelerating?
Answers: a. 1.6 m/s2 eastward
b. 24 m/s
c. 240 m

63. Extended Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response, continued
15. A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 25.0 m/s from a height of 2.0 m.
a. How long does it take the ball to reach its highest point?
b. How long is the ball in the air?
Show all of your work for these calculations.

64. Extended Response, continued
Chapter 2
Standardized Test Prep
Extended Response, continued
15. A ball is thrown vertically upward with a speed of 25.0 m/s from a height of 2.0 m.
a. How long does it take the ball to reach its highest point?
b. How long is the ball in the air?
Show all of your work for these calculations.
Answers: a s
b s