1. Aim: Was WWI worth the human and financial costs?

2. World War I Casualties by nation
Casualty = dead, missing, wound
Mobilized Forces = soldiers fighting

3. Aim: How did World War I end, and how could it have ended better?
(Spoiler Alert: The Allies “win” and the Central Powers “lose”)

4. 1917 – Russia drops out of the war because of a revolution back at home – Treaty of Brest-Litvosk (Separate peace with Germany)

5. War of Attrition: Getting nowhere
IDEALISM of US President Woodrow Wilson:
The Fourteen Points (Wilson’s Plan for the Post-War World): January 1918

6. 14 Points: Cliff’s Notes
Self-Determination (decide your own government)
Ottoman Empire and A-H Empire break up into small independent countries (independence for people in the Balkans!)
Permanent Peace
League of Nations
No secret alliances
Open navigation of the seas

7. Armistice Compiègne, France, 11AM, 11/11/1918
Germany waves the white flag
No decisive victory
NOT the peace treaty

8. Paris Peace Conference: Treaty of Versailles
The Big Four:
Woodrow Wilson (US): Idealism/14 Points
Vittorio Orlando (IT): Land from A-H
David Lloyd George (GB): Payment from the Central Powers, specifically Germany
Georges Clemenceau (FR): CRUSH AND CRIPPLE Germany economically and militarily (his nickname was “the Tiger”)

9. Could the war have been settled better?
Who’s fault is it?
Article 231: War Guilt Clause
Article 232: Reparations Clause