1. Reading
Effective Reading

2. What is reading
Reading is a cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning from text.
It has 3 components which are
i). Decoding (translating a printed word into sound)
ii) Comprehension (level of understanding of a text. Understanding comes as a result of interaction between words written and prior knowledge.
iii) Retention (ability to keep something)

3. How to read effectively
To improve your reading skills you need to:
have clear reading goals;
choose the right texts;
use the right reading style;

4. Goals and Types of reading
Reading for enjoyment: (Light reading)
Reading for overview: (Skimming)
Reading to search for information: (search reading or scanning)
Reading for mastery: (intensive reading)
Reading for appreciation: (critical reading)

5. Reading Goals cont: Knowing reading goals helps to
avoid unnecessary reading e.g. reading the whole chapter instead of searching for specific information that you want.
Avoid the wrong type of reading e.g. reading generally instead of reading specifically.
Reading techniques are chosen according to purpose of study.

6. Reading techniques: Scanning
Fastest reading technique
Also known as search reading
Not reading at all
Running eyes over the page
Looking for something that is known
Something specific e.g. a word, phrase or sentence( name, date, symbol, formula)

7. Scanning cont: You can scan: The contents page
the introduction or preface of a text;
the first or last paragraphs of chapters;
the concluding or summarising chapter of a text;
the book index

8. Skimming Also known as overview reading
A speedy reading technique to get general meaning
Second fastest

9. Importance of Skimming
One browses through a text to
Know how the text is organised
get a general idea of what it is about
identify whether or not to continue reading,
Identify what to read carefully, and where the best place is to begin.

10. Skimming cont:
helps one consider what they already know and develop a purpose for reading.
An initial skim can also help maximise interest in the text, understanding and reflection on the material
Helps one to establish the authors purpose

11. How to skim
One reads but not every word . Eyes skip over sentences or phrases which contain detail.
one may skim
titles
subheadings
words in that are in bold, in italics or underlined

12. How to skim cont: diagrams
a report’s abstract, introduction or conclusion
the first sentence of every paragraph
chapter questions
chapter objectives
chapter summaries

13. SQ3R APPROACH Also known as Reading for mastery An acronym for Survey
question
read
recite
and recall

14. Survey Browse through the passage to get
a general idea of what the passage is about
Prepare the mind for what to expect
to locate key terms as a means to assess the text’s relevance

15. Question Set questions for yourself so that,
you have motivation and guide for reading
Questions become subheadings for your notes
In order to set questions you can turn headings and subheadings into questions

16. Read Also known as analytical reading or study reading
One reads intensively to answer the questions set.
You may have to reread certain sections
You may need to use a dictionary
You may need to highlight important sections
Note down answers to questions
-Note-taking can help you gain deeper understanding and reflection and a better ability to remember

17. READ cont; Active reading
One engages in active reading. Active reading includes
Applying what you know (prior knowledge)
Interacting with the author predicting what's coming next
Answering questions
Summarising what has been read

18. recall Try to remember what you have read Memorise
You can note down what you think you remember

19. revise
Revisit the notes constantly to ensure mastery