2. How Life Began on the Earth
Unit 4
How Life Began on the Earth

3. Quiz 1.Who wrote “The Origin of Species ” (物种起源)? Newton Einstein
Charles Darwin
2.How many planets are there in the Solar System?
A B C 9

4. A B F A. frog B. snake C. duck D. fish E. bird F. dog
3. Which one belongs to amphibian (两栖动物) ? A
4. Which one belongs to reptile (爬行动物）? B
5. Which one belongs to mammal（哺乳动物）? F

5. 6. Which gas is the most important for life?
carbon dioxide (CO2 )
B. oxygen (O2)
C. nitrogen (N2)

6. Pre-reading
1. The origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers. What do you know about it?
How old is the universe? (several billion years ago)
How old is the Earth? (between 4.5 and 3.8 million years ago)
Which were the first creatures or plants on Earth?...

7. 2. Each religion and culture has its own ideas about how life began on earth. What do you know?
In China, we all know that Pangu separates the sky from the earth and Nvwa made humans.

8. Pangu separates the sky from the earth.

9. Pangu separated the earth and sky with an ax
Pangu separated the earth and sky with an ax. After he died, his breath became wind and cloud; his voice became thunder and his left eye sun and right one moon; arms and legs became edges and mountains; blood became rivers and tendon (筋脉) became roads; muscles became fields and hair stars; teeth and bones became metals, pearls and jade; sweat became rain.

10. Nvwa made humans.

11. Other legends（传说 ） about the beginning of universe.

12. The Biblical Account上帝创世说：
Day 1: God spoke and separated light from darkness creating Day and Night.
Day 2: God spoke and separated the water creating sky and ocean.
Day 3: God spoke and created dry land.

13. Day 4: God spoke and created the sun, moon and stars.
Day 5: God spoke and created living creatures in the air and sea.
Day 6: God spoke and created the land animals and man.
Day 7: God rested and blessed（祈福） this day calling it Holy（神的） .

14. India
Brahma（梵天 ） is the god first represented in the Hindu Triad. He is the creator of the universe and all living beings are said to have evolved from him.

15. Close reading
I. Read the passage carefully and match the main idea with each paragraph.

16. Para. 1 The formation (形成) of the
earth.
Para The importance of water for
life.
Para A widely accepted theory
about the formation of the
universe.
Para The arrival of humans and
their impact on the earth.
Para The development of plants
and animals on the earth.

17. Reading Comprehension II
scanning
Reading Comprehension II
Put the order of development of life into
a timeline. Use the reading passage to
help you.
1 Insects and amphibians appeared.
2 Dinosaurs appeared.
3 The earth became a solid ball.
4 Small plants grew on the water.
5 Reptiles appeared.
6 Plants began to grow on dry land.

18. Answer: 10 7 3 8 4 9 6 1 5 2 12 11 7 The earth was a cloud of dust.
8 Water appeared on the earth.
9 Shellfish and other fish appeared.
10 The universe began with a “Big Bang”.
11 Clever animals with hands and feet
appeared.
12 Mammals appeared.
Answer:

19. III. Answer the following questions.
1. Why was the earth different from other planets?
The water remained.
2. Why did the plants grow before the animals came?
Because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe.

20. 3. Why is it wrong in films and stories to show dinosaurs and people together?
Because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on the earth.

21. 4. There used to be nine planets in the solar system
4. There used to be nine planets in the solar system. Recently scientists have decided that one of them can no longer be considered a planet. Do you know the name of that planet? Do you know why they removed it?
Pluto（冥王星）. Scientists now think it is too small to be called a planet.

22. 5. What problem is caused by human beings?
They cause global warming.

23. The development of the earth
Detailed Reading
The development of the earth

24. Stage 1: The development of the earth
(1) After the Big Bang, what happened?
a cloud of dust
a violent solid ball

25. (2) What happened next?
produced water
vapour and gases
exploded with fire and rock

26. (3) What did the water vapour and gases
form?
the earth’s atmosphere

27. (4) What appeared on the earth then?
Water appeared which is important for the beginning of life on the earth.

28. (5) What did the water form?
oceans and seas

29. How did the earth come into being?
1. Big Bang (a huge explosion around 15 billion years ago)
2. a cloud of energetic dust
4. exploded with fire and rock
3. a ball moving around the sun
5. produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide…

30. 7. water appeared
6. cooled down
8. harmful gases were dissolved

31. The development of life

32. Stage 2: The development of life in water
What life developed after water
appeared?
arrival of small plants in water
early shellfish

33. (2) What life developed in water next?
all sorts of fish

34. (3) What life developed after the life in
water?
green plants on land
insects on land

35. Stage 3: The development of life on land
(1) What life developed next on land?
amphibians on land and in the water
forests

36. (2) What life developed after forests
appeared?
reptiles on land
dinosaurs on land

37. (3) What life developed after dinosaurs?
mammals on land

38. (4) What life developed after mammals?
small clever animals

39. Looking and thinking
Look at the following pictures and try to understand more of the reading passage.

40. A cloud of dust
A solid globe
Explode
atmosphere
water

41. Early shellfish and fish Plants in the water
Cells separate
Plants on land
Early shellfish and fish
Plants in the water
oxygen

42. Insects and amphibians
Reptiles
Dinosaurs
Mammals

43. Man had evolved from apes.

44. low advanced 达尔文 ＜进化论＞ plants animals many kinds A few kinds water
land
simple
complex
low
advanced
达尔文 　＜进化论＞
Darwin's theory of evolution

45. low advanced low Something, somewhere went terribly wrong
The Origin of Species
low
advanced
low

46. Read the passage again and underline
all the discourse markers (DM) and
sentence connectors (SC).
DM:
SC:
however, after that, next, later, finally, thus, as a result of this
and, but, because, or

47. Design an activity on Earth Day
How can we protect the earth and make it a better place to live on?
Design an activity on Earth Day
What is the activity is about?
Why is the activity is designed?
When and where is the activity?
Who takes part in the activity?
What is to be done in the activity? …

48. Homework 1. Search the Internet for information of the development
of life and find more solutions
to global warming.
2. Finish the exercises on page 28.

49. Thank you.