1. the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy:
the science of the stars
Period 1
How Life Began on the Earth

2. astronomer astronaut? Astronomy
Astronomy is the scientific study of the universe and the heaven bodies (such as the sun, the moon, and stars), gas, and dust within it.
astronomer
astronaut?

3. An Interview with Yang Liwei
Before listening, could you share with us what you know about space travel? Which countries have sent people into space?
Three countries have sent astronauts into space: Russia, the USA and China. Only the USA has sent astronauts to the moon.
2. Main idea
Yang Liwei talks about the excitement of space travel and the qualifications and experience needed to become an astronaut.

4. An Interview with Yang Liwei
Listen to Part 1
Questions
Yang Liwei’s answers
When was the most exciting moment?
What did he do?
What surprised him?

5. An Interview with Yang Liwei
Listen to Part 1
Questions
Yang Liwei’s answers
When was the most exciting moment?
What did he do?
What surprised him?
When his spaceship lifted off the ground he knew he was really on his way into space
He watched all his instruments and stayed calm.
The beauty of space

6. An Interview with Yang Liwei
Listen to Part 2
Information on Yang Liwei, the astronaut
Education
Training
Physical qualities
Personal qualities

7. An Interview with Yang Liwei
Listen to Part 2
Information on Yang Liwei, the astronaut
Education
Training
Physical qualities
Personal qualities
He got his degree.
He trained for ten years to fly airplanes and then to fly a spaceship.
Smaller than 170 cm; less than 70 kg.
Calm, hard-working
Answer key for Ex. 5:Dreamed, young, wish, true, gradually, opportunity, love

8. around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.
Check your knowledge
1. Copernicus concluded that _______________ ______________________________.
2. There are _____ planets in the solar system, including the earth.
3. The solar system is just a small part of the ________.
the moon goes
around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.
eight
What are they?
Milky Way, galaxy / universe
the solar system

9. How did the earth come into being?
Chinese tale:
Pangu created the world
Bible:
God created the universe
Science:
The Big Bang
Scientists believe that around 15 billion years ago, a huge explosion happened, creating our universe.

10. How Life Began on the Earth a good title?
the development of life / how life began
(Para 4,5)
the formation of the earth /
how the earth came into being
(Para 1,2,3)

11. Page 27 Ex.1
para 1: a widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe
2. the formation of the earth
3. the importance of water for life
4. the development of plants and animals on the earth
5. the arrival of humans and their effect on the earth
Ex. 2
10, 7, 3, 8, 4 , 9, 6, 1, 5, 2, 12, 11

12. True or False F T T F The universe began with a big bang.
Water is fundamental to the development of life
The appearance of plants make possible the rise of animals on the earth.
Dinosaurs die out because of climate change.
True or False
according to a widely accepted theory,…
it remains a puzzle. F
the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. T T
they multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. F

13. The formation of the earth1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

14. Finish the following form.
Para 1-3
Finish the following form.
a cloud of dust
Big Bang
combine into
a solid ball
Explode with fire and rock
cool down
Atmosphere
Water
dissolve harmful gases
oceans and seas

15. Fill in the blanks with the proper words.
After the _________, the earth was a cloud of
__________. Later the dust began to _______
into_______. And then it ________ loudly with fire
and rock , which were in time to _________ the
water vapour , carbon dioxide, …which were to
make the earth’s ____________. As the earth
_______ down, _____ began to ________ on
its surface. Water had ____________ from other
planets or satellites, but it _______on the earth.
That made it possible for life to begin to ______ .
“Big Bang”
dust
settle
a solid ball
exploded
produce
atmosphere
cooled
water
appear
disappeared
stayed
develop

16. 1.According to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.
The proceedings will begin with a speech to welcome the guests.  
大会议程首先 是向来宾致欢迎辞。
TO begin with, she is too young for that kind of job.
cf. start with…
以……结束……
end …(up) with…

17. 2, a cloud of dust
3.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
a cloud of birds

18. 4.They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
The doctor came in time to save her life .
Try hard, and you will succeed in time.
You will learn how to do it in time.
This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of heart disease.
To be to do 常表示不可避免将要发生的事

19. 与time相关的短语:
in no time
at times
at a time
once upon a time
on time
at one time
for the time being
from time to time
立刻, 马上 有时
每次; 依次 从前
按时; 准时 暂时
不时地

20. The spaceship burned up as it entered the earth’s atmosphere.
Reducing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere is of great importance.
These plants love warm atmospheres.
We use music and lighting to create a romantic atmosphere.
The children grew up in an atmosphere of violence and insecurity.
She told a joke to lighten the atmosphere.
There is a smoky atmosphere in the room.
the feeling that an event or place gives you u/c
/The hotel had a lovely relaxed atmosphere . , an ~ of warmth
a carnival atmosphere, peaceful ~
C.（室内的）空气
A.大气（层）
B.气氛、环境

21. 5. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
He is too excited; we must do something to make him cool down.
冷静下来 cool him down
6. … but unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.
7, be fundamental to …
Hard work is fundamental to success.
适度的运动封健康是绝对必要的。
Moderate exercise is fundamental to good health.  

22. 8. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
The appearance of plants make possible the rise of animals on the earth.
a chain store
I find it useless arguing with him.
He made it a rule to get up early.
He explained to us that he couldn’t help us.
He announced to us that he would go abroad next month.

23. The development of life (para4-5)

24. survival of the fittest
The __________of life
development
/ evolution
survival of the fittest
animals
plants
2____________________
1________________
shellfish and all sorts of fish
small plants in water
4__________
5__________
insects
3________________
green plants on land
amphibians (on land and in water)
7__________
8__________
9__________
reptiles (on land)
6_________
forests
dinosaurs (on land)
mammals (on land)

25. Fill in the blanks. small plants
The arrival of ___________ encouraged the
____________of early ________________________.
Many millions of years later __________________
began to appear _________. Later ____________
appeared. Some were________. Others, called
__________,were able to live on lands well as
__________. When the plants grew into forests,
_________appeared for the first time. After they
disappeared, _________became more important.
They were the last group of animals different
because they _________milk from within
their bodies.
development
shellfish and all sorts of fish
the first green plants
on land
land animals
insects
amphibians
in the sea
dinosaurs
mammals
produced

26. 9, on the surface of the water
10. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen…
We must multiply our efforts to clear up the mystery.  
我们必须加倍努力来澄清这一神秘的事。
Four multiplied by seven is twenty-eight.  
7乘4等于28。

27. 11. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water.
12. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed.
13, reptiles appeared for the first time
14, lay eggs
15, the age of the dinosaurs ended
16, all life forms in the past
17, give birth to young baby animals

28. 18. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.
They, in their turn, made a proposal.
他们接着也提出了一个建议。
The girls called out their names in turn.  
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。

29. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.
He often tells lies. He is too unfaithful to believe in.
20. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
在未来的几年里
in the years to come = in the coming years

30. A. Air pollution B. Large population C. Global warming
What is the suggested problem caused by human beings in the passage?
A. Air pollution
B. Large population
C. Global warming
D. Lack of energy
…putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.

31. Assignment
Think about how to solve global warming and make the earth a better place to live on?
Finish Ex.1-3
on page 28