1. Move from Republic to Empire (& other stuff you should know)
ROME
Move from Republic to Empire (& other stuff you should know)

2. Founding of Rome Myth the legend Romulus & Remus – 753 BC Reality
Myth the legend
Romulus & Remus – 753 BC
Reality
Latins, Etruscans, and Sabines 1500 BC

4. Location
Tiber River & Mediterranean Sea
Central Italy
seven hills

5. 1. Why would Rome's geographic location be considered a city destined to become great?
See a voice from the past page 155

6. Religion borrowed ideas from Greeks & Etruscans Christianity will
Zeus = Jupiter
Hera = Juno
Ares = Mars
Christianity will
come about in
33 AD & be seen
as the primary
Religion after
Constantine

7. Life and family in Rome Patricians - aristocratic landowners
#2 Vocabulary
Patricians - aristocratic landowners
Plebeians -common farmers, artisans, merchants
By law and custom, the eldest man, known as the paterfamilias, or “father of the family,” had power to rule the household. He controlled all property and had authority over all family members.
Roman women – nearly social equals of men, ran the household and were given authority and respect. Had personal freedom, could own property and businesses, and could testify in court #3

8. Interpretation Reading: Early Christians and the Role of Women
Stop
Interpretation Reading:
Early Christians and the Role of Women
HISTORICAL THINKING SKILLS

9. Government
Around 509 B.C. a harsh tyrant was driven from and the Romans declared they would never again be ruled by a king. Instead, they would establish a republic form of government
Republic:
power rests in citizens who have the right to vote to select leaders
free-born male citizens

10. Republic Cont. 2 Consuls Senate Assembly Twelve Tables- written laws
dictator
Jury trials- trial by jury of your peers

11. Twelve Tables- written laws
An important victory for the plebeian.
Before law that were unwritten were often interpreted by patrician officials to help themselves
The Twelve Tables established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law

12. 4b. Which government seems more democratic? Why?
Twelve Tables
4a. Compare the USA government to the Romans Republic
4b. Which government seems more democratic? Why?
Go to page 157 in your textbook and copy the chart

13. Timeline Create a timeline including name date and important fact.
Caligula
Nero
Domitian
Neva
Trajan
Hadrian
Antoninus Pius
Marcus Aurelia
Julius Caesar
Diocletian

14. #5 What type of Roman engineering did America take from Rome?
arches
#5 What type of Roman engineering did America take from Rome?

15. Architecture
Spectacular wonders like the Coliseum created with elaborate arches; domes and concrete walls are also key features of Roman architecture.

16. Minnie Mouse Tour of Rome

17. 6. How would the development of paved roads & aqueducts be considered helpful and important cultural influences?
aqueducts were used to transport water to urban areas and roads allowed for quick trade

18. Rome & Carthage both desired control of Mediterranean
PUNIC WARS
Rome & Carthage both desired control of Mediterranean
1ST BC, Carthage loses, Rome takes Sicily and western Mediterranean
2ND 218 – 202 BC, Hannibal crosses Alps into Rome. Scipio attacks Carthage

19. PUNIC WARS 202 BC- Hannibal defeated
7. Explain how would Hannibal's invasion of Rome bring challenges to the common people?
8. How was the decision to leave the capital and attack Carthage seen as a great military move?
- Hannibal’s invasion destroyed the Roman farms.
- Newly conquered lands began to import food into Rome which led to…
* Farmers income declines.
* Latifundia (large estates) created.
202 BC- Hannibal defeated

22. Third Punic War Carthage no longer a threat
149 BC Rome lays siege to Carthage
146 BC Carthage set on fire; 50,000 inhabitants sold into slavery
This allows Rome to take complete control of the Mediterranean Sea & extend its territory

23. Conquer of Mediterranean
citizen-soldiers- men who owned land
Legion foot soldier
Rome wisely treated conquered people by allowing them citizenship in the Roman Empire.
Representative democracy- citizens could participate in the government by voting

24. The Height of the Roman Empire
Empire stretched from Asia Minor to the Danube & Rhine Rivers and all the way to Great Britain
Roman governors
Enforced Roman law and settled providential disputes.

25. 9. Why would it be a better decision to have a republic form of government in Rome compared to the direct democracy in Greece?
Because the empire is too large to allow every citizen to come to the capital to vote therefore with a Roman Republic representatives were put in place to vote on the people’s behalf.

26. The Height of the Roman Empire
#10 Vocabulary
Pax Romana- 207 years of Roman Peace at the beginning of Augustus rule
Roman Citizenship
By 212 AD, virtually all free people in the Empire became Roman citizens.

27. The Height of the Roman Empire
10. Roman Prosperity- paved roads, aqueducts, drained swamps, irrigation systems for the deserts Roman Sculptures arch, dome, concrete mosaics
Major trade items: grain, wine, silk (from
China) metals, silk, and olive oil

28. Cultural Influences
Many ideas were borrowed from Classical Greeks- aka Greco-Roman culture
Literature follows Greek forms and models, but address Roman themes
Latin – remains the language of learning after fall of Rome and becomes the official language of the Roman Catholic Church

29. Cultural Influences
Slavery was a significant part of Roman life. It was wide spread and important to the economy.
Slavery was mostly conquered people (men, women and children), and children born to slaves were slaves.
Gladiators- were strong, healthy males forced to fight to the death in public contest

30. The Roman Empire will fall.
11. List some possible causes for the decline of Rome.
12. Which of the following would you consider to be the most significant factor that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire? WHY?
POLITICAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC MILITARY

32. Stop Interpretation Reading The Fall of Rome
HISTORICAL THINKING SKILLS

34. 13. If you were the Emperor and you could see the invasion crisis, what would you do to protect your Empire?

35. Empire Splits Emperor Diocletian splits Empire
Eastern & Western Empire
Greek & Latin speaking nations
Constantine restores the Empire
moved the capital city to
Constantinople aka New Rome
#14 Vocabulary-
Edict of Milan- declares Christianity as a religion, ends persecution of Christians
Empire splits again into Roman & Byzantine Empire

37. Religious Split
a. The city of Constantinople will flourish and Rome will decline economically
b. The distance & lack of contact will cause divisions in doctrines and rituals
c. Icons- religious images were banned in the east which caused religious dispute b/t the E. &W.
d. Schism- religious and permanent split b/t the Roman Catholic Church (West) & Eastern Orthodox Church (East)

38. Byzantine Empire Government- absolute monarch Emperor Justinian 534 AD
New Code of Laws which would be the foundations of western law (life, marriage, slavery, property, inheritance, women’s rights, crime, etc.)
Building program to rebuild fortifications of Constantinople (school, hospitals, baths, churches, etc.)
Hagia Sophia- most splendid church in the Christian world filled with rich mosaics

39. Google FACTS: Importance of Constantinople
Geography/ location important
Organization
Political/ government and laws
Economy
Religion
Social/ society and life
Intelligence/ technology
Art

40.
Hagia Sophia

41. 16. How could Constantinople’s location help to spread Christianity?
15. How would Constantinople’s geographical factors contribute to its success?
16. How could Constantinople’s location help to spread Christianity?

43. Do the Primary Source- “Edict of Milan” & Continuity and Change: Rome World (500B.C.-500A.D)