1. Do you know these terms?!
Foreign policy:
Panama Canal:
Malaria:
Monroe Doctrine:
Roosevelt Corollary:
President Teddy Roosevelt’s “Big-Stick” Policy:

2. The U.S. and Latin America
Where is Latin America located?

3. The Panama Canal
What is a canal? What is the name of the canal in New York?
Why was the canal dug in Central America?
What is an isthmus?

4. Background: In 1881 a French company began work.
After $300 million and about 20,000 lives, the company went bankrupt.
Less than 1/3 of the 51-mile canal had been built.
President Teddy Roosevelt was a strong supporter of a Central American canal.
Secretary of State Hay began negotiating with Colombia because the Isthmus of Panama was part of that country.

5. The U.S. supported a Panamanian revolt against Colombian forces in 1903.
On November 1903 Panama declares itself an independent nation.

6. Building the Canal Very difficult!
Needed to overcome tropical diseases, yellow fever and malaria
Had to dig through 51 miles of jungles and swamps filled with mosquitoes
Had to blast out solid rock

7. Completion of the Canal
6,000 lives were lost building the Canal
43,000 workers spent eight years digging a 51-mile channel
Opened to traffic on August 15, 1914
Known as the “highway between the oceans”.

8. The U.S. role in Latin America
Main purpose: protect U.S. interests and keep
European countries out of the area.
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine gives the U.S. the new role of “police officer” to the entire Western Hemisphere.
Dollar Diplomacy of President Taft emphasized using economic and business to influence LA government.

9. This political cartoon represents President Teddy Roosevelt’s foreign policy. What do you think it means? “Speak softly but carry a big stick”

10. Wilson rejected the dollar diplomacy and stated that the US
Wilson rejected the dollar diplomacy and stated that the US. had a moral obligation to promote democracy in Latin America.
During the 1915 revolt in Haiti, Wilson sent U.S. Marines on July 29, 1915 to help restore peace.

11. U.S. and Mexico
The U.S. became the largest investor in Mexico, and by 1913 had invested more than $1 billion in Mexican land, mining, oil, railways.
More than 500,000 U.S. citizens lived and worked in Mexico.
Most of Mexico’s 15 million people
were landless and poor.

12. Mexican Revolution Began in 1910
Democratic reformer Madero won a victory but a power struggle continued.
1913: General Huerta seized power and had Madero killed – this violence angers Wilson.
Wilson lifted the U.S. restrictions against selling arms in Mexico so that weapons could be supplied to the forces opposing Huerta.

13. The U.S. adopted a policy of “watchful waiting” toward the unrest in Mexico.
Public pressure to intervene grew in the U.S.
German ship carrying a large supply of arms was moving toward the port city of Veracruz. U.S. ordered in Marines. 19 Americans died (47 wounded); 200 Mexicans killed (300 wounded). ABC Powers offered to negotiate.

14. 1916: Villa and his troops attacked a small town in New Mexico burning the town and killing 17 U.S. citizens.
President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and 15,000 soldiers into Mexico for more than 300 miles.
The Mexican Revolution resulted in large-scale Mexican migration to the U.S. Between 1905 and 1909 more than 28,000 Mexicans migrated to the U.S. By 1915 about three times that number.

15. Flag of Panama:

16. Review the key terms:
Foreign policy: a nation’s plan or course of action for dealing with other countries
Panama Canal: canal through the Isthmus of Panama that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Malaria: infectious disease spread by mosquitoes
Monroe Doctrine: policy of U.S. opposition to any European interference in the Western Hemisphere
Roosevelt Corollary: U.S. claim of right to interfere in the affairs of Latin American countries
President Teddy Roosevelt’s “Big-Stick” Policy: the U.S. would use military force (the Great White Fleet) if its interests were threatened, especially in Latin America.

17. This activity is now a challenge activity. Go Team
Challenge: Team- draft of Newspaper Front Page: You may work together; however, each student should create a draft of a front page of a 1914 newspaper that focuses on the U.S. and Latin America.
Include:
A. Title of newspaper; B. date; C. 3 headlines that represent the key areas in LA: Panama Canal; the U.S. in Latin America; and the U.S. and Mexico – try to do one in yellow journalism style); D. Extra Credit: draw a political cartoon that shows the newspaper's view on imperialism in Latin America.