Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Feather_0.4: 4-run test report
Feather_0.4 test report Hugo Bajas, Antonella Chiuchiolo, Alejandro Diaz Fontalva, Glyn Kirby, Francois Olivier Pincot 7th February 2017 Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test set-up description Test history and main outcome of the 4 runs Splice and connection resistances Natural quenches Spot Heater induced quenches Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test Set-Up description: instrumentation Separated Helium inlet for either gas or liquid cryostat feeding Cernox T_sensors (2 on the copper leads, on the Cu. Extension, 4 for the cryostat T monitoring) Carbon Ceramic T-sensors (2 arrays (11 & 25) and 2 independent calibrated) 4 Optical fibers with 1 FBG T-e-sensors (2 glued on winding (T-e) and 2 for the gas monitoring) voltage taps (2 for lead, 2 per splices, 5 for the cable) Pick Coils for quench detection (10 per side) Hall Probe for magnetics field measurement Spot heaters Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Clamps to Current lead with Copper flag Copper extension for the spliced zone Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test Set-Up description: instrumentation
Voltage taps and spot heater

Test Set-Up description: instrumentation Bruker 15 strand tape KIT cable Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test Set-Up description: 4 Data Acquisition Systems Splice resistance Quench monitoring and protection SM18-DAQ voltage, I, trigger High Frequency kHz Archive 2 mV threshold High precision DMM current-voltage 10 channels Low Frequency Hz Pick Up coil and hall probe cRIO DAQ System 24 VDC P.S Ethernet connection (CERN NTP) 126 Used channels from 256 channels (120 AI + 5 DO) 3 Tb Hard disk. 10 kHz (fast Acq.) and 100Hz (Slow Acq.) FPGA + RT Processor Fiber Optic Sensors DAQ Micron Optics Optical Interrogator 4 channels 1 kHz Trigger from the cRio Ethernet connection (CERN NTP) Enlight Software for data recording Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test history and main outcome of the 4 runs Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Test history and main outcome of the 4 runs Example in 12.2 kA quench Manage to get signals from the 4 different systems and 96 sensors with: Data formating agreement Signals synchrosnisation OK Data base feeding FPGA program needs to be reviewed for the next test (under development). T = 33.5 K I = 12.2 kA HP = 0.06 V FOS = nm Splice 2 = 20 nΩ PUC= V Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run2: Test main outcome (1-4 August 2016) Using the 20 kA Power Supply Tested temperature range: K Test stop at 3200 A because of systematic quench of “splice 2” Measurements of the connections resistances Significant temperature and current dependence Resistance increase: drift and thermal runaway Splice 2 better than Splice 1 but… …then Splice 2 quenches when Splice 1 keeps stable Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Resistance increase: drift and thermal runaway Resistance values measured before runaway Splice 1 < 50 nW Splice 2 < 150 nW Copper-clamp < 200 nW The resistance values increase with the current decrease with the temperature 1-4 times higher resistance for Splice 2 wrt. Splice 1 Splice 2 quench Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Thermal runaway but… no quench if the current is ramped down soon enough Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run3: Test main outcome (1-16 Septembre 2016) Modification of the set up to sub-cool the splicing zones using the LHe inlet Tested range: K First quenches in the coil up to 5900 A adapting precisely the LHe valve opening Test stop at 9600 A because of quench of “connection A” (not splice 2)  The LHe inlet is placed too low in the splice zone. Resistance values are now lower wrt. Run 2, Splice 1 < 20 nW (50 nW) Splice 2 < 30 nW (150 nW) Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 4: Test main outcome (28-04 Sept-Oct 2016) Modification of the set up to spray the LHe in the connection zones (the tube get holes now so that all the connection is wet by the He inlet). Splice resistance are kept below 50 nW.  Quenches in the coil up to A Test stop at A because of quench of “splice 2”. Manage to get Spot Heater induced quenches Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Iq vs. Temperature for quenches in coil and splice Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of quench in splice or connection Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of quench in coil signals Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of quench in coil signals Clean signals from the voltages taps in the mV range. Quench detection based on voltage taps is OK (10 mV, 10 ms) to protect the magnet. Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of quench in coil signals Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of Spot Heater Induced quench Spot Heater 3 Spot Heater 2 Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of Spot Heater Induced quench Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Example of Spot Heater Induced quench Spot Heater 2 Spot Heater 3 I_SH=30 A U_SH= 18.2 V t_pulse= 1 s E_SH=30*24*1=546 J MQE=436 J I_SH=30 A U_SH= 40 V t_pulse= 1.3 s E_SH=30*24*1=1560 J MQE=1080 J Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Thermo-mechanics seen by the fiber inside the coil Stable current: 1 K temperature variation seen by the FGB for induced thermal strain Stable temperature: mechanics can be followed be the FBG during the current ramp Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Thermo-mechanics seen by the fiber inside the coil At 25 K and I > 6500 A systematic strain release seen by the FBG Hysterietic behavior Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Conclusive remarks Due to He gas working condition a thermal gradient exists in the cryostat with higher temperature at the top where the magnet to lead connections stands.  the performance are limited by the connections if nothing is done, splice tough is gas…  sub cooling of the connections and the splices solved the problem of quench in splice. The splice resistance can be lowered to value below 50 nOhm, avoiding thermal runaway The method reached limit during Run 4 at I > 12.4 kA when connection quenches again. The magnet reached the nominal current (12 20 K). The «natural» quenches are mostly located at the pole first turn with location changing from quench to quench. The pick coils, the thermometer and the fiber optic are not able to detect the quench  these are most likely not well placed along the winding. The spot heater efficiency is much lowered than expected.  not all of the heat reaches the cable, need to review their positioning. Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Feather_0.4 1st Poswering Test Report
TE-MSC-TF FBG #2 Spot Heater #3 UPPER LEAD FBG #1 Spot Heater #1 FBG sensors are glued with eco bond adhesive on the top of the cable close to the spot heaters Feather_0.4 1st Poswering Test Report

Hall Probe signal Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Pick – up coil signal Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Concluding remarks Sub cooling of the connections and the splices has solved the problem of the quench in the connection zone. The magnet reached the nominal current (12 20 K). Data formatting OK from the 4 systems. Spot Heaters issues The discharge is now OK but… Synchronization issues between the cRIO protection trigger and the safety matrix Need to make it work for Pick-Coil signal before going to liquid helium and higher current FOS improvement Gluing needs to be replaced with the impregnation Array configuration for distributed monitoring can replace the single ended configuration Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Thermal gradient issue: the connections are warmer than the coil Thermal gradient cryostat Top/bottom & Gas/Magnet Lack of measurement of the coil temperature Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Resistance increase: drift and thermal runaway The resistance values increase with the current decrease with the temperature 1-4 times higher resistance for Splice 2 wrt. Splice 1 Splice 2 quench Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Thermal runaway but… no quench if the current is ramped down soon enough Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil
TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Decreasing the temperature helps no quench if the temperature is lowered Test limited to I < 3.2 kA Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

TE-MSC-TF Run3: Modification of the set up Need a way to sub cool the splice and connection zones with respect to the magnet itself Profit from the test bench capacity to feed independently GHe and LHe in the cryostat Derivation of the LHe pipe initaly filling from the bottom, now directed at the Roebel exiting the coil (bottom of the splice-copper extension) use of Kapton tube to direct the He flow that «flash» at the magnet splice exit Better probing of the splice zones: Repositioning of the Cernox, Fiber Optic and pickup coil addition of two more of each of these Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil
TE-MSC-TF Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Temperature and current dependence of the measured resistance Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run2: Refined RRR measurement RRR of 5 for all segments in line with literature. Tc of estimates between 85 and 95 K Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Thermal runaway but… no quench if the current is ramped down soon enough Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 2: Splices thermal runaway prevents from testing the coil Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run3: Protection parameters adaptation Voltage taps Segment Gain Threshold Time window [mV] [ms] EE0.4U3-EE0.4L4-EE0.4L6 Vdiff 0 0.1 11 20 EE0.4U1-EE0.4L4-EE0.4L8 Vdiff 1 10 EE0.4U2-EE0.4L3-EE0.4L7 Vdiff 2 1160 30 EE0.4U1--EE0.4L8 Vsum 1 4 71 EE0.4U2--EE0.4L7 Vsum 2 0.04 EE0.4U2--EE0.4U3 Splice 1 40 EE0.4L6--EE0.4L7 Splice 2 EE0.4L4--EE0.4L5 cable 1 5 EE0.4L3--EE0.4L4 cable 2 3 EE0.4L2--EE0.4L3 cable 3 EE0.4L1--EE0.4L2 cable 4 EE0.4U4--EE0.4L1 cable 5 VleadA+--RF8_1_1 Vgaz A 60 RF8_1_2--VleadB Vgaz B RF8_1_1--EE0.4U1 Vcon A EE0.4L8--RF8_1_2 Vcon B Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 4: Spot Heater test Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Run 4: Spot Heater test I_SH=30 A U_SH= 24 V t_pulse= 1 s
MQE(47 K, 4000 A)=30*24*.8=576 J Current decay: 2.5 ms to extract

Run 4: Spot Heater test Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

Feather_0.4: 4-run test report

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