1. User Demands on the Parameters of Future Neutron Source at JINR
Norbert Kučerka
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics
at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna
46th meeting of the PAC for CMP at JINR
Dubna: June 19, 2017

2. Workgroup Acknowledgement
Denis P. Kozlenko - JINR
Anatoly M. Balagurov - JINR
Mikhail V. Avdeev - JINR
Alexander I. Kuklin - JINR
Eugeny A. Goremychkin - JINR
Christian Scheffzuk - JINR
Yury N. Khaydukov - Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research
Alexander I. Ioffe - Jülich Centre for Neutron Science
Pavel A. Alekseev - Kurchatov Institute , Moscow

3. Objective
Development of requirements desired for experimental setups
Purpose
Preparation of proposals for the new source parameters

4. Scientific Program Condensed matter research
Nuclear physics of neutrons
Neutron activation analysis
Physics of neutron sources
Neutron detectors
Experimental data treatment and analysis

5. Condensed Matter Research Fields
solid and liquid states of matter
polymers
solutions and chemical reactions
biophysics and soft matter
biological systems
engineering structures
source: FLNP
source: ILL
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉE

6. Neutron Users UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉE
The European user community is the largest and most diverse in the world by far, numbering over 6000 scientists and engineers from academia, national and international research laboratories and institutes, as well as from industry, all of whom use neutrons as an essential tool in an increasingly wide range of research fields.
ESFRI Scripta Volume I, Neutron Landscape Group, June 2016
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉE

7. Future of Neutrons in Europe (one of possible scenarios)
ESS
PIK ?
ISIS
DUBNA
Munich
SINQ
ILL
Number of Neutron Instruments (Sources) is decreasing contrary to increasing needs
V.L.Aksenov PAC on CMP, January 2017,Dubna
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8. Advantages of Neutrons
No Charge: ==> deep penetration into matter
Magnetic Moment: ==> the world smallest magnetometer
Scattering Power: ==> sensitivity to light elements
==> sensitivity to isotope exchange
Disadvantage
Low Brilliance: ==> not the method of first choice
X-rays
neutrons to the rescue
Direct observation of hydrogen atom dynamics
Chen et al. PNAS 109, 2012
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9. Niche of Neutrons Neutron Radiography Inelastic Neutron Scattering
Neutron Magnetic Scattering
Isotopic Substitution
Institute of Archaeology of RAS
D.P. Kozlenko PAC on CMP, January 2017, Dubna
Molecular and Vibrational Dynamics in the Cholesterol-Lowering Agent Lovastatin
Bilski et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 121, 2017
Novel type of the charge ordering state in iron oxide Fe4O5 involving competing dimer and trimer formation
Phase transitions that occur in materials, driven, for instance, by changes in temperature or pressure, can dramatically
change the materials’ properties. Discovering new types of transitions and understanding their mechanisms is important
not only from a fundamental perspective, but also for practical applications. Here we investigate a recently discovered
Fe4O5 that adopts an orthorhombic CaFe3O5-type crystal structure that features linear chains of Fe ions. On cooling below
∼150 K, Fe4O5 undergoes an unusual charge-ordering transition that involves competing dimeric and trimeric ordering
within the chains of Fe ions. This transition is concurrent with a significant increase in electrical resistivity. Magneticsusceptibility
measurements and neutron diffraction establish the formation of a collinear antiferromagnetic order above
room temperature and a spin canting at 85 K that gives rise to spontaneous magnetization. We discuss possible
mechanisms of this transition and compare it with the trimeronic charge ordering observed in magnetite below the Verwey
transition temperature.
Novel type of the charge ordering state in iron oxide Fe4O5
Ovsyannikov et al. Nature Chemistry 8, 2017
The Functional Significance of Lipid Diversity
Kučerka et al. JACS 131, 2009
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10. Parameters in Focus ~107 ~108 ~109 ~109 ~108 vs. ~10 μs
DNS-IV IBR-2 ILL NRU SNS ANSTO
~107 ~108 ~109 ~109 ~108
vs. ~10 μs
Diff.+SANS+Refl. Inelastic
[n/cm2/s1] >108
background <5-10%
frequency 5-10 Hz
wavelengths 1-20 Å
resolution <5%
pulse width μs
UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉE

11. Efficiency Determining Factors
neutron optics
spectrometer performance (resolution, background)
data collection speed
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12. Summary
The niche of neutrons is in the studies of magnetic materials and those rich in hydrogen
Pulsed source at JINR fits within the neutron source landscape geographically and historically
Narrow pulse width is important for high-resolution configurations, while longer pulse is preferable for high- intensity setups
The optimization must be done in a source-instrument complex manner

13. Thank You
for Your Attention!