1. YAK-Aerosib : Study on tropospheric composition over Siberia
Jean-Daniel Paris1
Ph. Nedelec2, M. Ramonet1, G. Golytsin3, B. Belan4, M. Arshinov4, G. Athier2, F. Boumard1, J.-M. Cousin2 , et Ph. Ciais1
Thanks
Robert Vautard [LSCE]
MM5-Chimere
Gregoire Cayez [Lab. d’Aérologie] &
Andreas Stohl [NILU, Norvège]
Flexpart
Frederic Chevallier [LSCE]
données ECMWF
Joyce Harris [NOAA, USA]
clusters Hysplit
1 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Saclay
2 Laboratoire d’Aérologie
UPS-CNRS, Toulouse
3 Institute of Atmospheric Physics
RAS, Moscow, Russia
4 Institute of Atmospheric Optics
SB-RAS, Tomsk, Russia

2. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
Background & Goals
Background :
Siberia represents 32% of global soil carbon pool. Sink estimated 0.0 – 1.0 GtC.yr-1
(Gurney, Nature, 2002)
Extratropical Asia is scarcely touched by studies on atmospheric transport in the Northern hemisphere
(Akimoto, Science, 2003)
Goals :
Bring new constraints on Siberian CO2 sources and sinks
Characterize the variability of ozone and CO at the continental scale.
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

3. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
Antonov-30 platform
Flight ceiling – 8100 m
Flight duration – 8 hr
Endurance – 3400 km
Max flight speed – 540 km/h
Speed during measurements – 300 km/h
Runway length – 1300 m
Aircraft crew – 7 pilots
Science crew – <10 persons
Aircraft length – 24.3 m
Aircraft height – 8.3 m
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

4. Intensive airborne campaigns first measurements1.
Intensive airborne campaigns first measurements
YAK.1/11-14 April 2006
YAK.2/7-10 September 2006
Profiles
CO2, CO & O3

5. Instrumental Setup CO2 CO + O3 Antonov 30 Methane CO2 13C isotope
CURRENTLY OPERATED
CO2
LSCE, Saclay. In operation
CO + O3
LA, Toulouse. In operation
Antonov 30
IAO, Tomsk (shown: Inlet)
TO BE DEPLOYED
Methane
LSP, Grenoble. Test phase
CO2 13C isotope
LPMAA, Paris. Test phase
Flask sampler
MPI-BGC, Jena. Ready
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

6. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
Flight pattern
3 days of flight
2-8 vertical legs per flight
from 500 to 7000 m agl
8000km across Siberia
7km
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

7. Meteorological conditions, april
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

8. Meteorological conditions, sept.
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

9. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
Average profiles
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

10. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
mozaic
Data: Valérie Thouret, L.A., pers. comm.
spring
summer
Fall
winter
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

11. Pollutants transport in Siberia2.
Pollutants transport in Siberia

12. Anthropic emissions origines during the campaigns
Flexpart (ECMWF fields)
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

13. Polluted layers detection
Stratification, polluted filaments over 500km in the horizontal
60°N-120°E
3nm<dp<70nm
dp>70nm
Aerosol number conc, cm-3
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

14. April: N-E China affect [CO] over Siberia
YAK1&
Mopitt
173 ppb
190 ppb
YAK1: 4-6km, flight segment average &
MOPITT April average at 500hPa
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

15. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
From China to Siberia
Flexpart: retroplume 10 days back
Interception of a polluted dust storm
2002
MODIS/Terra
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

16. Chemistry transport eulerian study
Regional CTM: MM5-Chimere
1.0 x 0.75°,
10 levels
[CO] (anomaly from N-E China emissions)
defined as: (reference run) minus (run with all but NE Chinese emissions)
YAK trajectory shown
2006/04/12, 0400GMT
z ~ m
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

17. Chinese pollutant export : episode toward Sibérie and Taiwan
DCO
Hovmöller diagram of the event
simulation MM5-Chimere
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

18. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
OMI Aerosol index
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

19. WCB frequency to East Siberia
3-yr Climatology of air masses monthly origin:
September
Hysplit backtrajectories cluster analysis, september
(Joyce Harris, NOAA)
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

20. 3.
CO2 variability

21. YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.
CO2 – CO correlation
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

22. 7 September 2006 as an example
Zonal flux, crossing a weak front
High variability between consecutive CO2 profiles
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

23. CO2 Boundary layer variogram
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.

24. Conclusion & Perspectives
Presentation of YAK campaigns and data
Continental variability of CO2 during growth season strongly affected by synoptic conditions
Pollutants transport des in Siberia: chinese episode, european transport
Evolving:
Using MM5-Chimère to quantify flux of pollutants toward Siberia (climatology, event-based)
Characterization of transport for the study of CO2 fluxes, lagrangian model, CO surrogate tracer
Inversion (LPDM?) to better constrain CO2 sources and sinks
Contribution to Polarcat
Provide an (almost) “off the shelf” campaign in Siberia equipped with instruments for CO2, CO, ozone, aerosols number conc., …
Advantage: blank spot in observation networks
Limitations: new instruments? Difficulty to change flight route?
YAK-Aerosib, J.-D. Paris et al.