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Introduction to Mineralogy Dr

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1 Introduction to Mineralogy Dr
Introduction to Mineralogy Dr. Tark Hamilton Chapter 5: Lecture 17 Earth’s Chemistry & Minerals Camosun College GEOS 250 Lectures: 9:30-10:20 M T Th F300 Lab: 9:30-12:20 W F300

2 Ternary Plot: Feldspar Composition
Sanidine Solvus Alkali Feldspars Anorthoclase Plagioclase

3 Subdivisions of Earth’s interior
Oxygen 94% 8 Elements=99% Olivine “spinel” Granodiorite “Perovskite” Fe98% Ni2% Fe80% Ni20% Peridotite 1Kbar = 100 MPa

4 Widmanstaaten pattern: “Gibeon” meteorite, Namibia, FeNi (111) exsolution

5 The “Big 8” Elements:Earth’s Crust
Waters: (Na+ >Ca+2 >K+ >Mg+2 >Fe+2 >SiO2 ) & [Cl- >(HCO3) - >(SO4)-2] TDS<3ppt Cumulative Cation Pore Volume Estimates from Till & Crustal Rocks

6 Elemental composition of Crust

7 Alta’ameem Meteorite, Iraq: Chromite, Ilmentite, Troilite

8 Apollo 12 Oceanus Procellarum Basalt: Chromite, Ulvospinel, FeNi
Pyroxene Plagioclase

9 Garnet Peridotite: Alp Arami SZ
Woudloper

10 Phase Transitions: Peridotite
olivine Spinel perovskite

11 Pressure compresses Volume

12 Perovskite: CaTiO3 Structure
Si4+ Al3+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Fe2+

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